The Audubon Shop
and

Brazil: The Southeast and the Pantanal

August 12 - 24, 2008

Group organized by Jerry and Janet Connolly of
The Audubon Shop in Madison, Connecticut
www.theaudubonshop.com

Tour arrangements by Tropical Birding

Guided by and report written by Nick Athanas

All photos except the Araucaria Tit-Spinetail, Chestnut-backed Antshrike, Black-cheeked Gnateater, and White-banded Tanager were taken on the tour. Photo right: Yellow-fronted Woodpecker, N. Athanas.

This group was put together by Jerry Connolly from my home state of Connecticut. He owns the oldest and best-known bird shop in the state, and I first met him 12 years ago, when I stopped to buy a Birds of Venezuela before my first trip overseas trip. Back then, I never would have guessed in a million years that I would be traveling with him to Brazil now. I've never had a bad trip to Brazil, and this one just continued the tradition. The weather was perfect, not a drop of rain for two weeks. As usual, the great food and hospitality of the Brazilians helped ensure an enjoyable tour, and the birding was always good. We spent half the trip in the Atlantic Forest of Southeast Brazil, hitting a few of the best sites to give an excellent overview of this endemic-rich biome, and then flew northwest to the world-famous Pantanal, spending our remaining time there as well as the nearby Chapada dos Guimarães with it's spectacular scenery and different cerrado habitat.

August 12: The TAM flight to Rio was a couple hours late, but since it arrived in the morning this wasn't a big deal. We loaded the bus up and headed west out of the city, enjoying the sites of Rio from a distance. After a couple of hours, Itatiaia's peaks loomed closer and we started up the bumpy park road to the lovely Hotel do Ypê at the end of the line, where we spent the first three nights. The great birding around the hotel would be reason enough to stay there, but the excellent service, pleasant climate, and panoramic view add up to make it once of the nicest places to stay on any tour. The feeders and grounds alone were easily enough to keep us busy for the last two hours of daylight as the barrage of birds wiped away the haze of almost 24 hours of travel. Stunning Blue-naped Chlorophonias, Green-headed Tanagers, and Green-headed Tanagers were the most colorful visitors to the fruit, but Chestnut-bellied Euphonia, Olive-green Tanager and Sayaca Tanagers, Blue Dacnis, and Scarlet-rumped Caciques were also always around. Regulars at the hummer feeders included Black Jacobin, Violet-capped Woodnymph, White-throated Hummingbird, Versicolored Emerald, and Brazilian Ruby. Flocks of Maroon-bellied Parakeets fed in flowering trees below the lodge, a pair of Pallid Spinetails worked a nearby canopy, and we even scoped our first Red-breasted Toucans in a distant tree. The huge and goofy-looking Dusky-legged Guans were everywhere and have become ridiculously tame since the lodge staff started feeding them a few years ago.


August 13: Most of us slept like rocks last night, but Jerry and a few others awoke early to hear an owl that was later identified as Tawny-browed. With two more nights, he had good hopes to see it. It was a beautiful morning and it's hard to go anywhere quickly in the place. Again the grounds were teeming with birds, and just after breakfast some of the group had a pair of Slaty-breasted Wood-Rails, and we quickly scoped Plain Parakeets in the flowering trees. Cliff Flycatchers and a Long-tailed Tyrant were perched nearby, and a Planalto Woodcreeper flew in and perched close before we finally started walking down the steep driveway. We didn't get very far before a Ferruginous Antbird started singing, and I called it into view for all to see - the first of a great run of antbirds, and certainly one of the most colorful. A few minutes later we got down into bamboo to find out that a lot of it was in seed. Some rare and nomadic finches, Buffy-fronted and Temminck's Seedeaters turned out to be fairly common, and the buzzy Uniform Finches were so abundant that they became a distraction. A short detour got us a pair Scaly-headed Parrots, and some Masked Titi Monkeys were our first mammals for the trip. We finally started up the Maromba track, where a surprising Such's Antthrush was walking up the stairs to the waterfall. Not everyone saw it so we ended up putting in a lot of time on this endemic later on to get everyone a shot at it. Birds came steadily on this wide forest trail, but the top highlights were in-your-face views of the cute Eared Pygmy-Tyrant, great luck with the handsome White-bibbed Antbird which everyone saw, a close-up encounter with the outrageous Spot-billed Toucanet, and a pair of the rare White-bearded Antshrike, which we did not even need playback to see. The afternoon session was every bit as good as the morning, started by a pair of weird Brown Tanagers, quickly followed by some ridiculously gaudy Yellow-fronted Woodpecker visiting the feeders. Mark hung back to try to photograph them, starting a three-day saga of nailing a good shot of this bird. We walked the trail between the Ypê and the (former) Hotel Simon, finding good activity everywhere. Closer views of Red-breasted Toucan were a bonus, along with Green-barred Woodpecker, a White-collared Foliage-gleaner in the scope, and Velvety-black Tyrants near the other hotel. Arriving back, Dennis, who had gone back early, greeted us with photos of the Saffron Toucanets that had visited the feeders while we were away - oh well, you can't be everywhere at once.

Spot-billed Toucanet from the Maromba track. (Photo: Jerry Connolly)		One of the Red-breasted Toucans we saw near the hotel. (Photo: Nick Athanas)

August 14: The Algulhas Negras (Black Needles) road lies at higher elevations on the other side of the park, and it means an early start to get there. However, as we went for our 4:30am breakfast at the Ypê, the resident Tawny-browed Owl was screeching close by, so I rushed back to get the light and pretty soon everyone was on this bird. A great way to start the day. Arriving at the start of the road just after dawn, the birding was good and never let up. After seeing the first of many Red-rumped Warbling-Finches and Brassy-breasted Tanagers, a Rufous-tailed Antbird showed well, quickly followed by a perky pair of Serra do Mar Tyrannulets and a Greenish Tyrannulet with nesting material. Farther up the road, we quickly found a pair of Black-capped Piprites, a local specialty that can sometimes be hard to find. A Robust Woodpecker started drumming and calling, and Janet, who has an amazing ability to spot woodpeckers, quickly found it. As the rest of us ran the road to where she was, it sadly flew off and never showed again. We birded here for a while longer before heading up to a lookout to scan for Black-and-gold Cotinga, whose haunting song had been wafting out over the forest the whole morning This proved to be a challenge that would take much of the rest of the day, but while we were waiting, a Black Hawk-Eagle and a White-rumped Hawk soared over amazingly close in perfect light, making the vigil worthwhile, cotinga or not. Higher up the road, both Araucaria Tit-Spinetail and Itatiaia Spinetail put in an appearance, and we even found a new (for me anyway) lek of the gaudy Plovercrest. It took a while to find a good vantage point for them, but eventually we had nice scope views of several males repeatedly coming back to favorite perches. After a picnic lunch, with a possible cotinga dip looming heavy, we headed back down the road, and finally nailed one down on a distant perch from the same raptor lookout. Ironically, lower down exactly where we started the day, there was a male perched right by the side of the road, finally giving a really satisfying sighting, and a great way to end the day.


August 15: With another morning in the park, we all finally got to see the outrageous Saffron Toucanets coming to the feeders, and Mark finally got his woodpecker shots. This time we walked the Três Picos trail, searching for some of the birds that had eluded us two days before. Antbirds again proved a highlight, with both Ochre-rumped and Bertoni's putting in good appearances. A Rufous Gnateater amazingly sat fully in the open for all to see, and a little mixed flock had a couple Sirystes, Golden-winged Cacique, and White-barred Piculet. We also spent more time on the antthrushes, getting more views of Such's but not having any luck with Rufous-tailed, which kept its distance. After lunch we had to pack up and head out, driving south over the mountains to the Atlantic. A leg-stretching stop at a gas station and cafe by a little river near Rio Claro was surprisingly productive, with Tail-banded Hornero, Sooty Tyrannulet, and Masked Water-Tyrant all seen on the rocks in the river, along with some kingfishers and other common birds. We arrived at the Hotel do Bosque in Perequê in time to see a few Brazilian Tanagers before enjoying caipirinhas in their pleasant outdoor bar.


August 16: We birded the dirt road going north of Perequê, one of only a couple of sites where the endangered Black-hooded Antwren is known to exist. We saw quite a few of them, both males and females, this morning, without too much difficulty. The birding here is easy and we didn't have to walk far to see a lot. Red-eyed Thornbirds were building a nest by the roadside, and Chestnut-backed Antshrike, Streak-capped Antwren, Ochre-breasted Foliage-gleaner, Yellow-lored Tody-Flycatcher, and Lemon-chested Greenlet were also nearby. A female Frilled Coquette put in a brief appearance, then we spent some time trying to see a pair of singing Squamate Antbirds. Even though they didn't coooperate, our efforts were rewarded by two endemics that came in while we were waiting, Yellow-rumped Flycatcher and a beautiful male Scaled Antbird. After lunch in a great little restaurant in town, we enjoyed the scenic ride along the coastal road to Ubatuba. With some time left in the afternoon, we had a first go at the Angelim reserve, finding some great birds in a short amount of time. A striking female Tufted Antshrike was hard to beat, but soon after we saw the cute endemic Buff-throated Purpletuft, then a trio of outrageous Blond-crested Woodpeckers, so it was tough to pick a favorite. We headed to our hotel in a quiet suburb, the Solar das Aguas Cantantes, where we spent the next two nights.


August 17: Folha Seca is great. The shady forest tracks are always full of birds, and if that isn't enough, Jonas's feeders are always a treat. We started off by finding a ridulously tame Tawny-throated Leaftosser, which perched in the open singing away, unconcerned with the dozen birders staring at it a few feet away. Right after that, a Slaty Bristlefront started singing it's unforgettable song, and we spent time looking for it, trying (unsuccessfully) not to get distracted by the Blue Manakin lek that started up nearby. Most of the group got sidetracked watching the energetic red and blue birds pinwheeling though a little hole in the foliage. Despite that, I think nearly everyone got the bristlefront in the end. Farther down the track, we were treated to the spectacle of two Gray-hooded Attilas chasing each other around in circles for so long that when they finally stopped, they just sat still, panting, for many minutes. We never did settle the argument of whether it was love or hate. A female Bare-throated Bellbird came into view a few times, but the "bonking" males stayed elusive. As usual, Jonas's feeders had the best assortment of hummers of the tour; Festive Coquette and Saw-billed Hermit may have been the favorites, but there were also Swallow-tailed Hummingbird, White-chinned Sapphire, Sombre Hummingbird, and some of the others that we had seen before. The bananas attracted Violaceous Euphonia, Green Honeycreeper, and Ruby-crowned Tanager among others. After lunch near the beach in Ubatuba, we went back to Angelim to see Spotted Bamboowren that we missed yesterday, then headed back to the hotel for an easy afternoon to relax a bit before the marathon day tomorrow.

A Gray-hooded Attila resting after the tiring pursuit. (Photo: Jerry Connolly)		Festive Coquette is one of the most common hummers at Jonas's feeders. (Photo: Jerry Connolly)

August 18: Despite the long drive, we still had time for a couple more hours in Folha Seca. This paid off big with mega views of male and female Black-cheeked Gnateaters right by the trail. That alone would have been enough, but Thrush-like Woodcreeper, Rufous-capped Motmot, and Unicolored Antwren also put in appearances. Only John M. was lucky enough to see a male bellbird in the end - this is actually a pretty scarce bird despite the fact that you hear their calls everywhere. We settled into the long drive to the São Paulo airport, breaking up the trip with a stop near Mogi das Cruzes to see Parana Antwren. Our antbird luck continued with a pair of birds coming in close in their marsh habitat only seconds after starting playback. After that we reached the airport in plenty of time for our two-hour flight to Cuiabá. It left mostly on time, and we got in just as it was getting dark. The two hour drive north to the Pousada Penhasco on the plateau of the Chapada dos Guimarães went quickly, and we arrived in time for a nice dinner (with more caipirinhas) at their pleasant outdoor restaurant.


August 19: It wasn't a promising start when we found out after breakfast that one of our tires and the spare were flat. It was very fortunate that the Pousada Penhasco has great birding right on the grounds, and we ended up spending the whole morning there while the driver fixed the tires. Early on we checked some open fields were we saw our first Toco Toucans, Gray Monjitas, Burrowing Owls, and a slew of other common open-country birds. From there we slowly made our way along the edge of the forest, stopping to look at White-eyed and Peach-fronted Parakeets, Chestnut-eared Aracaris, and a Streaked Flycatcher before making our way down to the restaurant and a little playground next to it. Here we got inundated with birds from all directions, and we hardly moved at all for the next two hours, just letting them come to us. I won't list them all, but some of them included Scaled Pigeon, Little and Yellow-tufted Woodpeckers, Sooty-fronted Spinetail, Saffron-billed Sparrow, Moustached Wren, White-bellied Warbler, and Red-crested Finch. For me the most amazing thing was a female Green-and-rufous Kingfisher that had taken up residence next to the tiny man-made waterfall and pool. Check out Jerry's photo to the left. Once the barrage let up, we ventured down the trail into some dense, dry forest. Luck continued to prevail as we located Planalto Slaty-Antshrike, Flavescent Warbler, and a stunning male Helmeted Manakin, before reaching an panoramic lookout over the edge of the plateau. A Bat Falcon was perched right next to us on a snag, and we had our first of many King Vultures, before breaking for lunch. Our afternoon plan of going to the Véu de Noiva (Bridalveil) waterfall had to be scrapped when we discovered that it had been closed since January after a young woman tragically fell to her death. Instead, we headed to the nearby Agua Fria road, which passes through some dry, scrubby habitat called cerrado; it doesn't look very special, but it is loaded with some really cool and localized birds. We quickly found White-rumped and White-banded Tanagers, Black-throated Saltator, Rufous-sided Pygmy-Tyrant, White-eared Puffbird, Rufous-winged Antshrike, among others. A pair of Peach-fronted Parakeets nesting in a termite mound was nice to see, along with the huge Red-and-green Macaws perched in a bush not far away.

Female Little Woodpecker. (Photo: Jerry Connolly)		The Bat Falcon at the Penhasco lookout. (Photo: Jerry Connolly)

August 20: We headed back to the Agua Fria road for a couple of hours to look for a few more birds. Lots of White-vented Violetears were buzzing around, but the hoped-for Horned Sungem only zipped by a few times. We added Coal-crested Finch, Chapada Flycatcher, Rusty-backed Antwren, Plain-crested and Lesser Elaenias, and other odds and ends, while seeing again a lot of the birds we saw the previous afternoon, which was nice for those who skipped that session. On our way back down the plateau to the hot lowlands, the tire on the bus went flat again. During this unplanned break, we saw our first Purplish Jays and White Woodpeckers, along with our only Red-legged Honeycreepers of the trip. Lunch in Cuiabá was extended as the driver went off and tried to get the wheel fixed. His efforts were in vain as the tire blew completely out shortly after leaving the city! Enough was enough, and I phoned for a replacement bus, which came in due course. In the meantime, the very friendly staff at the factory that we parked next to gave the group an impromptu tour of the facilities. I missed it since I was busy juggling cel phones, but apparently everyone else learned how sinks, rowboats, and port-a-potties are made. Our new bus was a big improvement, and we were finally on our way to the Pantanal. A quick roadside stop half way along got us the sexy Red-legged Seriema and the first of what would be many Greater Rheas. Just before arriving at Pousada Piuval, we made one last stop right before dusk, and truly got our first taste of birding the Pantanal. It was pure chaos - birds were everywhere and everyone was looking at something different. In not much more than 20 minutes, we must have seen around 40 different species, most of which new for the trip. A sample of what we saw includes Savanna Hawk, Black-collared Hawk, Gray-necked Wood-Rail, Cocoi and Striated Herons, Nacunda Nighthawk, White-headed Marsh-Tyrant, Purple Gallinule, Unicolored and Scarlet-headed Blackbirds. What a great way to finish a frustrating day.

Rufous-sided Pygmy-Tyrant. (Photo: Nick Athanas)		White-banded Tanager. (Photo: Nick Athanas)

August 21: Piuval is a fun place to bird. There are large open areas of grassland and marsh interspersed with patches of dry forest. Just walking around between these forest islands and you can see huge numbers of species. We hardly got anywhere before we found a pair of Aplomado Falcons perched close by, then scoped a wet area for a load of waterbirds like Jabiru, Plumbeous Ibis, and Southern Screamer. From here we just wandered, being drawn too and fro by whatever birds happened to be around. Sunbittern, Campo Flicker, Cream-colored Woodpecker, Monk and Yellow-chevroned Parakeet, Blue-fronted Parrot, Black-fronted Nunbird, Mato Grosso Antbird, Red-billed Scythebill, and Narrow-billed Woodcreeper are just a sample of the many birds we saw. It's not at all unusual for daily lists in the Pantanal to exceed 130 species, and along with the sheer numbers, it's the ease in which they can be seen that makes it so special. The headline of the morning was, without a doubt, seeing the huge and almost comical-looking Hyacinth Macaws. After a couple of fairly distant views, a pair landed in a tree right next to us and we watched them play with each other for five or ten minutes before they finally flew off screeching. Back at the lodge feeders, we watched White Woodpeckers, Red-crested Cardinals, and Chestnut-eared Aracaris coming in to eat fruit. After an early lunch, we drove south along the Transpantanal Highway, stopping a few times, eventually getting to Fazenda Santa Tereza (also called Pantanal Wildlife Center), where we spent the next two nights.  Santa Tereza is located next to the tranquil Pixaim river, surrounded by gallery forest. Afternoon boat rides are a lot of fun, and we got there in time to squeeze one in. The boat drivers threw out fish for the resident Black-collared and Great Black-Hawks before speeding down the river to their best spot for Giant Otter. Sadly they did not show for us, but there was still plenty to look at, like Bare-faced Curassow and Pale-legged Hornero. One of the boats found a Sungrebe, but it wasn't 'til the following day that the other boat managed to find one. It's pretty magical to come back up the river at sunset watching Band-tailed Nighthawks circle over the river and the hundreds of birds flying going to roost.

Hyacinth Macaws. (Photo. Jerry Connolly)		White Woodpecker. (Photo: Nick Athanas)

August 22: Early starts are the norm in the Pantanal since by mid-morning the tempertures can already be scorching. There were so many birds around the lodge early in the morning that it took us ages to start walking. A flowering tree in the parking lot was full of Yellow-chevroned Parakeets, and they were occasionally joined by Orange-backed Troupials. A pair of Toco Toucans came almost close enough to touch, and swarms of cardinals, finches, and cowbirds descended on the feeders. We slowly made our way along the river, stopping to watch both Greater and Common Thornbirds building nests. We spent the rest of the morning prowling the many trails inside the dense, dark gallery forest. Ashy-headed Greenlet, Masked Gnatcatcher, Stripe-necked Tody-Tyrant, White-lored Spinetail, Band-tailed Antbird, Large-billed Antwren, Blue-crowned Trogon, and more Black-fronted Nunbirds are just some of the birds we saw. After another long siesta through the hot afternoon, we took the boats the other way on the river. The boat drivers knew where a Great Potoo was nesting, so we stopped the boats and walked a few minutes to where this big, bizarre nightbird was sitting surpirsingly low in a large tree. On the way back we ran into a burst of activity, and saw Hooded Tanager, Green-backed Becard, and Pearly-vented Tody-Tyrant before getting back on the boat. While we had some more great birds that afternoon (Pale-crested Woodpecker, American Pygmy Kingfisher, and Red-throated Piping-Guan), the afternoon's unanimous highlight was the huge Brazilian Tapir we found. It first came into view on the right side of the river, then swam across to the left side and clambered up the bank, then crashed into the bushes.

Black-fronted Nunbird. (Photo: Jerry Connolly)		Great Potoo. (Photo: Jerry Connolly)

August 23: This morning we walked back down the entrance road to the lodge, where we had some great luck finding some of the key birds we hadn't seen yet. A flock of Long-tailed Ground-Doves was feeding by the road not far from the lodge, and a pair of Swainson's Flycatchers was in the trees nearby. A bit later a pair of noisy Nanday Parakeets came in close, and a nearby ditch had some handsome Chotoy Spinetails in it. Near the gate we found several Chestnut-bellied Guans, one of the Pantanal's specialty birds, and Brazilian endemic as well. Suiriri Flycatcher was a surprise, but the amazing ease that we saw a pair of Cinereous-breasted Spinetails was even more so. After lunch, we drove through the heat of the day to the Araras Ecolodge, our last stop on the trip. The grounds of lodge offered some easy birding, with Blue-crowned Parakeets and Scaly-headed Parrots hiding in a mango tree and a Great Horned Owl nesting nearby. One of the neatest features of Araras is the wildlife observation tower, which gives a toucan-eye's view of the surrounding plains, wetlands, and forest. At this point in the trip it was hard to add anything "new" to the list (Crane Hawk was one), but there was a lot to see, and the in-your-face views of the Blue-throated Piping-Guan were really nice. After our last dinner, we went on a spotlighting drive, finding a few mammals like Southern Tamandua, Crab-eating Racoon, and Gray Brocket Deer, as well as a few more Great Potoos.

Chotoy Spinetail. (Photo: Nick Athanas)		Chestnut-bellied Guan. (Photo: Nick Athanas)

August 24: Our last morning was rather relaxed. We headed to the tower again for sunrise, watching the spectacle of hundreds of waterbirds congregating in the few remaining pools in the wetlands. A Dull-capped Attila started calling nearby, and even came in next to the tower for a second before vanishing again. We threw together an improptu posse, descending the tower and chasing after it in the dry forest, finally getting it after a short search. Our late outdoor breakfast was shared by the dozens (hundreds?) of Yellow-billed Cardinals who descended like flies on the bread and sugar. We had another few lazy hours of birding before coming back, packing up and heading back to the Cuiabá airport. Our flight took off a bit late, but fortunately we still barely made our connection in São Paulo, arriving home safely after a memorable trip. 

Jabiru. (Photo: Jerry Connolly)		Whistling Heron. (Photo: Nick Athanas)

Bird and Mammal lists (mammals are at the end)

BIRDS
H=heard only
(I)=introduced species
(E)=Brazilian endemic.

Taxonomy follows The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World, sixth edition, 2007.

	RHEAS	Rheidae
	Greater Rhea	Rhea americana	Lots seen in the Pantanal, more than usual.
	TINAMOUS	Tinamidae
H	Brown Tinamou	Crypturellus obsoletus	Heard at Itatiaia.
	Undulated Tinamou	Crypturellus undulatus	A couple of the group saw one scurrying away into the undergrowth at Santa Tereza.
H	Small-billed Tinamou	Crypturellus parvirostris	Heard along the Agua Fria road.
H	Red-winged Tinamou	Rhynchotus rufescens	Heard along the Agua Fria road.
	GREBES	Podicipedidae
	Pied-billed Grebe	Podilymbus podiceps	A few seen in a resevoir en route to Mogi.
	GANNETS AND BOOBIES	Sulidae
	Brown Booby	Sula leucogaster	Several flying around the bay at Ubatuba.
	CORMORANTS	Phalacrocoracidae
	Neotropic Cormorant	Phalacrocorax brasilianus	Everywhere.
	ANHINGAS	Anhingidae
	Anhinga	Anhinga anhinga	Amazingly abundant in the Pantanal, especially on the Pixaim river.
	FRIGATEBIRDS	Fregatidae
	Magnificent Frigatebird	Fregata magnificens	Several while leaving Rio and then again at Perequê and Ubatuba.
	HERONS, EGRETS, BITTERNS	Ardeidae
	Whistling Heron	Syrigma sibilatrix	A few at Perequê and Angelim, and a lot in the Pantanal.
	Capped Heron	Pilherodius pileatus	A few seen in the Pantanal.
	Cocoi Heron	Ardea cocoi	A few in the southeast, but plenty in the Pantanal.
	Great Egret	Ardea alba	Everywhere.
	Little Blue Heron	Egretta caerulea	A few in the southeast, but plenty in the Pantanal.
	Snowy Egret	Egretta thula	Ditto!
	Cattle Egret	Bubulcus ibis	Many.
	Striated Heron	Butorides striata	Very common in the Pantanal.
	Black-crowned Night-Heron	Nycticorax nycticorax	Common in the Pantanal.
	Boat-billed Heron	Cochlearius cochlearius	We located a few along the Pixaim river, including one that was actively feeding in daylight, which was quite unusual for this mostly nocturnal heron.
	Rufescent Tiger-Heron	Tigrisoma lineatum	Common in the Pantanal - they are much easier to see here than anywhere else that I know.
	STORKS	Ciconiidae
	Wood Stork	Mycteria americana	Abundant in the Pantanal
	Jabiru	Jabiru mycteria	Common in the Pantanal, with many active nests full of huge fluffy nestlings. It tied for second in the "favorite sighting of the trip" contest.
	IBIS AND SPOONBILLS	Threskiornithidae
	Plumbeous Ibis	Theristicus caerulescens	Fairly common in the Pantanal; seen on most days.
	Buff-necked Ibis	Theristicus caudatus	Many seen both in the Pantanal and Chapada.
	Green Ibis	Mesembrinibis cayennensis	Several seen in the Pantanal at a few locations. They are a heck of a lot easier to see here than they are in most of the rest of their range.
	Bare-faced Ibis	Phimosus infuscatus	The least common ibis we saw in the Pantanal, with only two seen near Piuval.
	Roseate Spoonbill	Platalea ajaja	Common in the Pantanal.
	SCREAMERS	Anhimidae
	Southern Screamer	Chauna torquata	Seen well a few times at Piuval and along the Transpantanal Highway.
	DUCKS, GEESE, AND SWANS	Anatidae
	Brazilian Teal	Amazonetta brasiliensis	Not many ducks this time - we saw them at Perequê and along the Transpantanal Highway.
	NEW WORLD VULTURES	Cathartidae
	Black Vulture	Coragyps atratus	One of only two species we saw every day of the trip.
	Turkey Vulture	Cathartes aura	Common.
	Lesser Yellow-headed Vulture	Cathartes burrovianus	Common in the Pantanal and Chapada.
	King Vulture	Sarcoramphus papa	Great views on four different days - the one soaring low over Araras just as we arrived was the best.
	HAWKS, EAGLES, AND KITES	Accipitridae
	White-tailed Kite	Elanus leucurus	Seen on both visits to the Agua Fria road, probably the same individual.
	Snail Kite	Rostrhamus sociabilis	Common in the Pantanal.
	Plumbeous Kite	Ictinia plumbea	John M. found one at the lookout at Penhasco.
	Crane Hawk	Geranospiza caerulescens	A pair flew by the tower at Araras.
	Great Black-Hawk	Buteogallus urubitinga	Numerous in the Pantanal, including one that the boatmen threw fish to.
	Savanna Hawk	Buteogallus meridionalis	Quite common in the Pantanal.
	Black-collared Hawk	Busarellus nigricollis	We saw them in the Pantanal pretty much anywhere there was water.
	Black-chested Buzzard-Eagle	Geranoaetus melanoleucus	One juvenile soaring over Itatiaia.
	Roadside Hawk	Buteo magnirostris	Common.
	White-rumped Hawk	Buteo leucorrhous	A fantastic close fly-by of one on the Algulhas Negras road.
	Short-tailed Hawk	Buteo brachyurus	One pair en route to the Pantanal.
	White-tailed Hawk	Buteo albicaudatus	Two seen in the Pantanal.
	Black Hawk-Eagle	Spizaetus tyrannus	The best view was the one that soared over just before the White-rumped Hawk, but we saw another one well lower down in Itatiaia.
	FALCONS AND CARACARAS	Falconidae
	Southern Caracara	Caracara plancus	Common just about everywhere.
	Yellow-headed Caracara	Milvago chimachima	Not quite as common as the previous, but many still seen.
	Laughing Falcon	Herpetotheres cachinnans	One each visit to Folha Seca, possibly the same bird.
H	Barred Forest-Falcon	Micrastur ruficollis	Heard near the Ypê.
	American Kestrel	Falco sparverius	At Agua Fria.
	Aplomado Falcon	Falco femoralis	Nice close views of a pair at Piuval, and another single at Santa Tereza.
	Bat Falcon	Falco rufigularis	At the Penhasco lookout. The faint streaking on its breast had me thinking Orange-breasted for a second, but it was way too small.
	GUANS, CURASSOWS, ETC.	Cracidae
	Chaco Chachalaca	Ortalis canicollis	Common and regularly seen in the Pantanal.
	Dusky-legged Guan	Penelope obscura	All over Itatiaia - the ones around the Ypê are bordering on tame…
	Chestnut-bellied Guan (E)	Penelope ochrogaster	Nice scope views along the Santa Tereza entrance road.
	Blue-throated Piping-Guan	Pipile cumanensis	The Pantanal is a hybridization zone of this species with the next. We did see a few pure blue and pure red wattled individuals, but most showed a mixture of both.
	Red-throated Piping-Guan	Pipile cujubi
	Bare-faced Curassow	Crax fasciolata	Seen nicely along the Pixaim river and from the tower at Araras.
	LIMPKIN	Aramidae
	Limpkin	Aramus guarauna	Common in the Pantanal.
	RAILS, GALLINULES, COOTS	Rallidae
	Gray-necked Wood-Rail	Aramides cajanea	Despite being a shy bird in most of its range, it ridiculously easy to see in the Pantanal. We saw dozens of them.
	Slaty-breasted Wood-Rail	Aramides saracura	One pair near the Ypê, and another in the road on the way up to Algulhas Negras.
	Purple Gallinule	Porphyrio martinica	A few in the Pantanal.
	Common Moorhen	Gallinula chloropus	Occasional sightings in lakes and ponds.
	FINFOOTS	Heliornithidae
	Sungrebe	Heliornis fulica	We found several during our boat trips on the Pixaim river, including one perched on a root above the water, so we could see its striped feet.
	SUNBITTERN	Eurypygidae
	Sunbittern	Eurypyga helias	This bird is ridiculously common and easy to see in the Pantanal.
	SERIEMAS	Cariamidae
	Red-legged Seriema	Cariama cristata	A pair right by the road en route to the Pantanal, plus another one at Piuval.
	JACANAS	Jacanidae
	Wattled Jacana	Jacana jacana	Lots in the Pantanal.
	AVOCETS AND STILTS	Recurvirostridae
	White-backed Stilt	Himantopus melanurus	Just a few seen at one spot along the Transpantaneira
	PLOVERS AND LAPWINGS	Charadriidae
	Southern Lapwing	Vanellus chilensis	Seen in open areas just about everywhere we went.
	Collared Plover	Charadrius collaris	One along the Transpantaneira hanging around with the following migrant shorebirds.
	SANDPIPERS	Scolopacidae
	Lesser Yellowlegs	Tringa flavipes	All three of these were at one little pool near the side of the Transpantaneira.
	Solitary Sandpiper	Tringa solitaria
	Spotted Sandpiper	Actitis macularia
	TERNS	Sternidae
	Royal Tern	Sterna maxima	Ubatuba bay.
	Large-billed Tern	Phaetusa simplex	Regularly seen in the Pantanal.
	SKIMMERS	Rynchopidae
	Black Skimmer	Rynchops niger	A couple flew by one morning at Santa Tereza, and we some more from the tower at Araras.
	PIGEONS AND DOVES	Columbidae
	Rock Pigeon (I)	Columba livia
	Scaled Pigeon	Patagioenas speciosa	Several seen near the restaurant at Penhasco.
	Picazuro Pigeon	Patagioenas picazuro	Seen in most locations.
	Pale-vented Pigeon	Patagioenas cayennensis	There were a few around Penhasco.
	Plumbeous Pigeon	Patagioenas plumbea	Several seen in and around Itatiaia NP.
	Eared Dove	Zenaida auriculata	A small flock in the distance at Santa Tereza.
	Ruddy Ground-Dove	Columbina talpacoti	A few in the southeast, but everywhere in the Pantanal and Chapada.
	Picui Ground-Dove	Columbina picui	Regular sightings in the Pantanal.
	Scaled Dove	Columbina squammata	Regular sightings in the Chapada and Pantanal.
	Long-tailed Ground-Dove	Uropelia campestris	A unique ground dove mostly restricted to central Brazil. We regularly found small flocks at Santa Tereza and Araras.
	White-tipped Dove	Leptotila verreauxi	Common in the Pantanal, and one seen at Angelim.
	PARROTS	Psittacidae
	Hyacinth Macaw	Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus	These fabulous birds were voted as the "favorite sighting of the trip", and who can argue with that? Truly one of the world's most spectacular birds.
	Red-and-green Macaw	Ara chloroptera	We saw them several times, both perched and in flights, on the Chapada dos Guimarães
	Blue-winged Macaw	Primolius maracana	Several flew closely past us on the Agua Fria road and perched in the distance.
	Golden-collared Macaw	Primolius auricollis	Just one brief and not very satisfying view at Piuval.
	Blue-crowned Parakeet	Aratinga acuticaudata	A pair was sheltering from the mid-day sun in a mango tree in the garden at Araras. Standing under them was not a good idea…
	White-eyed Parakeet	Aratinga leucophthalmus	We saw a few flocks at Penhasco and in the Pantanal.
	Peach-fronted Parakeet	Aratinga aurea	Numerous close views in the Chapada and Pantanal.
	Nanday Parakeet	Nandayus nenday	One of the scarcer parakeets on this trip. We found a cooperative pair at Santa Tereza in a spot I have seen them several times before.
	Maroon-bellied Parakeet	Pyrrhura frontalis	All over the place at Itatiaia, and some more at Perequê.
	Monk Parakeet	Myiopsitta monachus	Everyone on the trip had seen these before, but only as introduced species in CT and FL. It was nice to see so many of them in their native environment in the Pantanal.
	Plain Parakeet (E)	Brotogeris tirica	We saw them at several sites in the Atlantic Forest.
	Yellow-chevroned Parakeet	Brotogeris chiriri	Seen daily in the Pantanal and Chapada.
	Pileated Parrot	Pionopsitta pileata	We actually had several sightings at Itatiaia and Perequê, but always of very high flying birds, mainly ID'd by voice and flight.
	Scaly-headed Parrot	Pionus maximiliani	We saw them at most Atlantic Forest sites, as well as a different-looking race in the Pantanal.
	Blue-fronted Parrot	Amazona aestiva	Good numbers in the Pantanal.
	CUCKOOS	Cuculidae
	Squirrel Cuckoo	Piaya cayana	A few in the Pantanal, but only heard in the Atlantic Forest.
	Smooth-billed Ani	Crotophaga ani	Many sightings.
	Guira Cuckoo	Guira guira	Seen daily in the Pantanal and Chapada.
H	Striped Cuckoo	Tapera naevia	Heard from the tower at Araras.
	OWLS	Strigidae
	Great Horned Owl	Bubo virginianus	There was an active nest with two nestling in a tree next to Araras lodge.
	Tawny-browed Owl	Pulsatrix koeniswaldiana	There was a resident pair at the Ypê, and we spotlighted one of them the morning we go up early to go to Algulhas Negras.
	Ferruginous Pygmy-Owl	Glaucidium brasilianum	Amazingly common in the Pantanal, and also heard near the Ypê.
	Burrowing Owl	Athene cunicularia	A few saw them at Hotel do Bosque, but we all got it near Penhasco.
	POTOOS	Nyctibiidae
	Great Potoo	Nyctibius grandis	Fabulous views of one perched very low down at a stakeout at Santa Tereza. It was probably nesting, since it was sitting on a little hollow in the branch. We saw at least two more on the Araras night drive.
	NIGHTJARS	Caprimulgidae
	Lesser Nighthawk	Chordeiles acutipennis	A few flew over at dusk at the Hotel do Bosque.
	Nacunda Nighthawk	Podager nacunda	A few flyovers in the Pantanal of this striking nighthawk.
	Band-tailed Nighthawk	Nyctiprogne leucopyga	Many seen hawking insects over the Rio Pixaim on both of our boat rides.
	Pauraque	Nyctidromus albicollis	Seen along the Pixaim river.
	SWIFTS	Apodidae
	White-collared Swift	Streptoprocne zonaris	Not much luck with swifts, this one was the only one we got.
	HUMMINGBIRDS	Trochilidae
	Saw-billed Hermit (E)	Ramphodon naevius	First seen at Perequê, and then loads more at Jonas's feeders.
	Scale-throated Hermit	Phaethornis eurynome	Where were they?? A distant bird feeding by the side of the Algulhas Negras road was the only one we saw.
	Planalto Hermit	Phaethornis pretrei	One at Penhasco.
	Buff-bellied Hermit	Phaethornis subochraceus	A brief view at Santa Tereza of one that came in to mob a Ferruginous Pygmy-Owl.
	Reddish Hermit	Phaethornis ruber	This tiny hummer buzzed us a few times at Perequê and Folha Seca.
	Sombre Hummingbird (E)	Campylopterus cirrochloris	What was presumably the same individual came in a few times to Jonas's feeders.
	Swallow-tailed Hummingbird	Campylopterus macrourus	One at Jonas's feeders, one at Hotel do Bosque, and a few from the bus.
	Black Jacobin	Florisuga fuscus	Lots at the Ypê feeders, though none at Jonas's, where they are very seasonal.
	White-vented Violet-ear	Colibri serrirostris	It was the most common hummer along the Agua Fria road.
	Plovercrest	Stephanoxis lalandi lalandi	A few males at a lek on the Algulhas Negras road. There was also a female lower down but not many saw that.
	Frilled Coquette (E)	Lophornis magnificus	A single female at Perequê.
	Festive Coquette	Lophornis chalybeus	As usual, there were a lot at Jonas's feeders.
	Violet-capped Woodnymph	Thalurania glaucopis	Probably the most common hummer in the Atlantic Forest, we saw it almost every day.
	White-chinned Sapphire	Hylocharis cyanus	Several at Folha Seca, including at Jonas's feeders.
	Gilded Sapphire	Hylocharis chrysura	We found at least two at Santa Tereza. They're not very common in the northern Pantanal.
	White-throated Hummingbird	Leucochloris albicollis	All over the place at Itatiaia.
	White-tailed Goldenthroat	Polytmus guainumbi	Just one at Piuval, and it didn't hang around long.
	Versicolored Emerald	Agyrtria versicolor	We saw them at most of the Atlantic Forest locations we visited.
	Glittering-throated Emerald	Polyerata fimbriata	One was visiting Jonas's feeders, and we saw several more in the Pantanal.
	Brazilian Ruby (E)	Clytolaema rubricauda	Regularly seen in the southeast, best seen at feeders at the Ypê and at Jonas's place.
	Black-eared Fairy	Heliothryx aurita	A single male seen near the Hotel Simon.
	Horned Sungem	Heliactin bilopha	Not a good time for them on the Algulhas Negras road. There were a couple of flybys but I don't think anyone saw one well.
	TROGONS AND QUETZALS	Trogonidae
	White-tailed Trogon	Trogon viridis	A handsome male at Perequê.
H	Black-throated Trogon	Trogon rufus	Heard at Itatiaia.
	Surucua Trogon (yellow) (E)	Trogon surrucura aurantius	There are two races of this species, both of which can be seen at Itatiaia. Interestingly, we had a mated pair where the male had a yellow belly and female a red belly.
	Surucua Trogon (red)	Trogon surrucura surrucura
	Blue-crowned Trogon	Trogon curucui	In the gallery forest at Santa Tereza. Mostly female, I think only Don and Jay saw the male.
	KINGFISHERS	Alcedinidae
	Ringed Kingfisher	Megaceryle torquata	First at Rio Claro, then all over the Pantanal.
	Amazon Kingfisher	Chloroceryle amazona	First at Perequê, then all over the Pantanal.
	Green Kingfisher	Chloroceryle americana	First at Perequê, and a few in the Pantanal.
	Green-and-rufous Kingfisher	Chloroceryle inda	Our best sighting came, bizarrely, at a small water feature near the restaurant in Penhasco. Normally you only see them along rivers.
	American Pygmy Kingfisher	Chloroceryle aenea	A nice close view of this tiny kingfisher one afternoon from the boat on the Pixaim.
	MOTMOTS	Momotidae
	Blue-crowned Motmot	Momotus momota	Mary Anne had the best view at Penhasco, otherwise it was just a flyover for some of us.
	Rufous-capped Motmot	Baryphthengus ruficapillus	Part of the group saw it one day in Folha Seca with Jerry, and most of the rest of the group saw it the next morning with me.
	JACAMARS	Galbulidae
	Rufous-tailed Jacamar	Galbula ruficauda	First at Perequê, then a few more in the pantanal.
	PUFFBIRDS	Bucconidae
	White-eared Puffbird	Nystalus chacuru	An insanely tame bird at Agua Fria. We walked to within a few yards of it and it didn't budge, just cocked its head at us.
	Black-fronted Nunbird	Monasa nigrifrons	Quite a few in wooded areas of the Pantanal.
	TOUCANS	Ramphastidae
	Spot-billed Toucanet	Selenidera maculirostris	This is just an awesome bird. We had a good close, scope-filling view along the Maromba track at Itatiaia.
	Saffron Toucanet	Baillonius bailloni	Well, so is this one. A small flock visited the feeders at the Ypê on two occasions.
	Lettered Aracari	Pteroglossus inscriptus	We saw a few at Penhasco, here at the southern point of it's range. It's mainly an Amazonian species, but gets into drier gallery forest on the edges of its range.
	Chestnut-eared Aracari	Pteroglossus castanotis	The common aracari in the Pantanal.
	Red-breasted Toucan	Ramphastos dicolorus	Yet another stunning toucan that we frequently saw in Itatiaia.
H	Channel-billed Toucan	Ramphastos vitellinus	Heard at Perequê.
	Toco Toucan	Ramphastos toco	Best seen in the fruiting trees in the parking lot at Santa Tereza, but we saw them regularly in the Pantanal and Chapada.
	WOODPECKERS	Picidae
	White-barred Piculet	Picumnus cirratus	At Itatiaia, Perequê, and Folha Seca.
	White-wedged Piculet	Picumnus albosquamatus	Replaces the previous to the north. We saw it at Penhasco and in the Pantanal.
	White Woodpecker	Melanerpes candidus	What a freaky looking bird. Some of us saw it while a flat was being fixed in the Chapada, but we all saw them eating fruit at the Piuval feeders.
	Yellow-tufted Woodpecker	Melanerpes cruentatus	One bird seen at Penhasco.
	Yellow-fronted Woodpecker	Melanerpes flavifrons	These clowns came to the feeders at the Ypê on a couple of occasions.
	Little Woodpecker	Veniliornis passerinus	We saw a few of them at Penhasco and in the Pantanal.
	White-spotted Woodpecker	Veniliornis spilogaster	One at Itatiaia that didn't show well, and Deana saw another on the Algulhas Negras road.
	Golden-green Woodpecker	Piculus chrysochloros	We saw several in the gallery forest at Santa Tereza.
	Yellow-browed Woodpecker	Piculus aurulentus	A tough bird this tour. I think Don & Dennis were the only ones who saw it.
	Green-barred Woodpecker	Colaptes melanochloros	Once at Itatiaia, then a week later in one of the forest islands at Piuval.
	Campo Flicker	Colaptes campestris	Lots of them in the Pantanal.
	Pale-crested Woodpecker	Celeus lugubris	Janet came through again with this one, spotting the only one of the trip and helping to get everyone on it.
	Blond-crested Woodpecker	Celeus flavescens	Yet another absolutely stunning bird. We saw two males posturing and calling to each other at Angelim, certainly one of the overall highlights.
	Cream-colored Woodpecker	Celeus flavus	We saw one at Piuval. They aren't very common in the Pantanal.
H	Lineated Woodpecker	Dryocopus lineatus	Heard at Perequê.
	Robust Woodpecker	Campephilus robustus	So close… It was drumming and calling at Algulhas Negras, but (typically) it came in to where only Janet could see it, and vanished before the rest of us could get to where she was standing,
	Crimson-crested Woodpecker	Campephilus melanoleucos
	OVENBIRDS	Furnariidae
	Pale-legged Hornero	Furnarius leucopus	Regular along the edges of the Pixaim river.
	Tail-banded Hornero (E)	Furnarius figulus	A bit of a surprise at a leg-stretching stop at Rio Claro on the way to Perequê. This is a bird typical of NE Brazil, but it is spreading rapidly southwards.
	Rufous Hornero	Furnarius rufus	A common bird in open areas over most of Brazil. It's local name is "João do Barro", or "John of the Mud", because they're always collecting it to built there nests.
	Araucaria Tit-Spinetail	Leptasthenura setaria	A nice, cooperative pair at a small araucaria stand a few km up the Algulhas Negras road.
	Itatiaia Thistletail (Spinetail) (E)	Oreophylax moreirae	It took a bit of work, but we all saw this endemic skulker in the end. It's one of the specialties of the Algulhas Negras road, though it can be seen in other places too.
	Chotoy Spinetail	Schoeniophylax phryganophila	This is definitely one of the coolest spinetails out there. We saw it along the driveway to Santa Tereza.
	Sooty-fronted Spinetail	Synallaxis frontalis	A pair showed well in the end near the restaurant at Penhasco.
	Cinereous-breasted Spinetail	Synallaxis hypospodia	Usually a tough bird, but we had absolutely amazing views of a pair at Santa Tereza that came in almost too close to focus.
	Pale-breasted Spinetail	Synallaxis albescens	We chased one down at Agua Fria, but it didn't show very well.
H	Chicli (Spix's) Spinetail	Synallaxis spixi	Heard at the Parana Antwren stop.
	Rufous-capped Spinetail	Synallaxis ruficapilla	One of the prettiest of the genus, we saw it at Itatiaia and Perequê.
	White-lored Spinetail	Synallaxis albilora	After working to see them a couple of times in the Pantanal, we found a pair at Santa Tereza that was just hopping around in the open a few yards away.
	Gray-bellied Spinetail	Synallaxis cinerascens	Mostly just heard, but a few of the group saw it on the Algulhas Negras road.
	Pallid Spinetail (E)	Cranioleuca pallida	There was always a pair in the trees around the Ypê, and we saw more on the Algulhas Negras road.
	Rusty-backed Spinetail	Cranioleuca vulpina	A good close view of one bird in the gallery forest at Santa Tereza.
	Yellow-chinned Spinetail	Certhiaxis cinnamomea	They were around just about every wet area in the Pantanal.
	Common Thornbird	Phacellodomus rufifrons	There were several nesting in and around Santa Tereza.
	Greater Thornbird	Phacellodomus ruber
	Red-eyed Thornbird (E) (north)	Phacellodomus e. erythrophthalmus	Great views with its weird orange eyes. A pair was building a nest along the Perequê road.
H	Red-eyed Thornbird (E) (south)	Phacellodomus e. ferrugineigula	Heard at the Parana Antwren stop.
	Gray-crested Cacholote	Pseudoseisura unirufa	These are really neat birds with amazing duets, we saw them fairly often in the Pantanal. There was a pair nesting in the yard at Santa Tereza.
	Buff-browed Foliage-gleaner	Syndactyla rufosuperciliata	Seen well at Algulhas Negras, with some glimpses lower down in the park.
	Buff-fronted Foliage-gleaner	Philydor rufus	In a flock at Itatiaia.
	Ochre-breasted Foliage-gleaner	Philydor lichtensteini	Good views of a calling bird in a flock at Perequê.
	Black-capped Foliage-gleaner	Philydor atricapillus	I think Don, Dennis, and John M. were the only ones to see this handsome 'gleaner.
	White-collared Foliage-gleaner (E)	Anabazenops fuscus	Another striking member of the family endemic to the Atlantic Forest. After a few failed attempts and glimpses, we got one perched in the scope for so long that we walked away from it.
	Pale-browed Treehunter (E)	Cichlocolaptes leucophrus	I only heard them at Folha Seca, but I think Janet managed to see one.
	Tawny-throated Leaftosser	Sclerurus mexicanus	Some of the best views I've ever had - perched up in the open at Folha Seca.
	Sharp-billed Treehunter	Heliobletus contaminatus	I think most (or all) of the group saw the one near the Plovercrest lek on the Algulhas Negras road.
	Streaked Xenops	Xenops rutilans	Singles at Itatiaia, Perequê, plus one heard at Santa Tereza.
	WOODCREEPERS	Dendrocolaptinae
	Thrush-like Woodcreeper	Dendrocincla turdina	One seen well at Folha Seca, and another heard at Itatiaia.
	Olivaceous Woodcreeper	Sittasomus griseicapillus sylviellus	Itatiaia and Santa Tereza.
	White-throated Woodcreeper	Xiphocolaptes albicollis	A big and beautiful Atlantic Forest woodcreeper that we had excellent luck with, seeing well on several occasions.
	Planalto Woodcreeper	Dendrocolaptes platyrostris	There was one hanging around the Ypê each morning, giving very close views.
	Lesser Woodcreeper	Xiphorhynchus fuscus	Once at Itatiaia, and another at Folha Seca.
	Lafresnaye's Woodcreeper	Xiphorhynchus guttatoides	A split from Buff-throated Woodcreeper. We saw them a few times in the Pantanal.
	Straight-billed Woodcreeper	Dendroplex picus	A few in the gallery forest at Santa Tereza.
	Narrow-billed Woodcreeper	Lepidocolaptes angustirostris	A non-forest woodcreeper that we saw regularly in the Pantanal.
	Scaled Woodcreeper (E)	Lepidocolaptes squamatus	A great view on the Algulhas Negras road.
	Red-billed Scythebill	Campylorhamphus trochilirostris	That beak always impresses. We saw them on two occasions in the Pantanal.
	Black-billed Scythebill	Campylorhamphus falcularius	We saw one the first morning at Itatiaia, but it was a poor view for most.
	TYPICAL ANTBIRDS	Thamnophilidae
	Spot-backed Antshrike	Hypoedaleus guttatus	Heard at Perequê, but we finally tracked one down at Folha Seca.
H	Giant Antshrike	Batara cinerea	Distantly at Itatiaia.
	Tufted Antshrike	Mackenziaena severa	Fabulous, close, in-the-open views of a female at Angelim.
H	Large-tailed Antshrike	Mackenziaena leachii	Heard at Algulhas Negras but it wouldn't budge.
	Great Antshrike	Taraba major	Piuval and Santa Tereza.
	White-bearded Antshrike	Biatas nigropectus	Jerry found a pair of these along the Maromba track at Itatiaia, a lot easier to see than they usually are. Didn't even need playback!
	Barred Antshrike	Thamnophilus doliatus	Regular in the Chapada and Pantanal.
	Chestnut-backed Antshrike	Thamnophilus palliatus	Just one bird at Perequê.
	Planalto Slaty-Antshrike	Thamnophilus pelzelni	A male came in close along the trails at Penhasco.
	Variable Antshrike	Thamnophilus c. caerulescens	We saw them a few times in Itatiaia.
	Rufous-winged Antshrike	Thamnophilus torquatus	A pair sat out in the open on top of a bush at Agua Fria.
	Spot-breasted Antvireo	Dysithamnus stictothorax	We saw them at most sites we visited in the Southeast.
	Plain Antvireo	Dysithamnus mentalis	Once at Itatiaia, then again at Penhasco.
	Rufous-backed Antvireo (E)	Dysithamnus xanthopterus	Nice views of this endemic along the Algulhas Negras road.
	Star-throated Antwren (E)	Myrmotherula gularis	Only one pair at Itatiaia, not everyone managed to get on it.
	Unicolored Antwren (E)	Myrmotherula unicolor	I called in a pair at Folha Seca just before we had to leave.
	Large-billed Antwren	Herpsilochmus longirostris	They were pretty common in the gallery forest at Santa Tereza, and the first pair we even saw from a boat.
	Rufous-winged Antwren	Herpsilochmus rufimarginatus	Seen at Angelim and Folha Seca.
	Parana Antwren (E)	Formicivora acutirostris	It was nice to finish of the Atlantic Forest segment with this rare endemic, coming into playback only seconds after starting. It was only discovered here a few years ago, otherwise being known only from much farther south.
	Black-hooded Antwren (E)	Formicivora erythronotos	This handsome and endangered antwren was our main target at Perequê, and we saw a lot of them. This is one of only two sites where it is known to exist.
	Rusty-backed Antwren	Formicivora rufa	Along the Agua Fria road.
	Ferruginous Antbird (E)	Drymophila ferruginea	The first of the five beautiful Drymophilas we saw. This one was in a patch of bamboo right next to the Ypê.
	Bertoni's Antbird	Drymophila rubricollis	Very similar in appearance to Ferruginous but with a different voice. We also saw it at Itatiaia.
	Rufous-tailed Antbird (E)	Drymophila genei	Occurs a bit higher up than its congeners. We saw it well on the Algulhas Negras road.
	Ochre-rumped Antbird (E)	Drymophila ochropyga	Another one we saw at Itatiaia.
	Scaled Antbird (E)	Drymophila squamata	Unlike the other Drymophilas, this one is found only in the lowlands. We saw a nice male while waiting for the Squamate Antbird.
	Streak-capped Antwren	Terenura maculata	Almost endemic to Brazil, barely reaching Argentina and Paraguay. We saw it best at Perequê.
	Mato Grosso Antbird	Cercomacra melanaria	A skulker, but in the end we saw them at all the Pantanal lodges we went to.
	White-shouldered Fire-eye	Pyriglena leucoptera	Excellent views of a male on a couple of occasions at Folha Seca.
	Band-tailed Antbird	Hypocnemoides maculicauda	Easily seen at Santa Tereza, both from the boat and along trails. It sticks to the forest close to the river.
	White-bibbed Antbird (E)	Myrmeciza loricata	Always one of my favorites, the whole group got it up the Maromba track at Itatiaia.
H	Squamate Antbird (E)	Myrmeciza squamosa	No such luck with this one. Couldn't see it despite it singing close by the road at Perequê.
	ANTTHRUSHES & ANTPITTAS	Formicariidae
H	Rufous-capped Antthrush	Formicarius colma	Heard at Folha Seca.
H	Brazilian (Rufous-tailed) Antthrush	Chamaeza ruficauda	Just wouldn't come in close enough.
	Such's (Cryptic) Antthrush (E)	Chamaeza meruloides	It took a few tries, but I think everyone got it finally.
H	Variegated Antpitta	Grallaria varia	Heard distantly from Folha Seca.
H	Speckle-breasted Antpitta	Hylopezus nattereri	Heard way down a steep slope from the Algulhas Negras road.
	GNATEATERS	Conopophagidae
	Rufous Gnateater	Conopophaga lineata	The first was seen only by a few, but the second one sat in full view for all.
	Black-cheeked Gnateater (E)	Conopophaga melanops	A fabulous endemic bird, and the highlight of our second visit to Folha Seca.
	TAPACULOS	Rhinocryptidae
	Mouse-colored Tapaculo	Scytalopus speluncae	Those sitting in the right place off the Algulhas Negras road got a view of it, most of us were blocked.
	Slaty Bristlefront (E)	Merulaxis ater	I tell people it has one of the most beautiful songs in the world, but I'm not sure anyone else thought so. At least we did see it at Folha Seca.
	Spotted Bamboowren	Psilorhamphus guttatus	Finally got a look at it at Angelim on the second visit, though the light wasn't great.
	COTINGAS	Cotingidae
	Buff-throated Purpletuft (E)	Iodopleura pipra	A tiny cotinga that we saw well at Angelim.
	Black-and-gold Cotinga (E)	Tijuca atra	Spent a lot of time searching for it on the Algulhas Negras road, only to find one perched right next to the bus just before we left. Always a great one to both see and hear.
	Bare-throated Bellbird	Procnias nudicollis	A frustrating bird. We heard the males calling all over the place at Angelim and Folha Seca, but only John M. saw one. Most of the rest of us at least saw a female.
	MANAKINS	Pipridae
	Helmeted Manakin	Antilophia galeata	A beautiful singing male at Penhasco, but we also saw them again at Santa Tereza.
	Blue Manakin	Chiroxiphia caudata	We could see part of the lekking display at Folha Seca, though some also saw it at Itatiaia.
	White-bearded Manakin	Manacus manacus	A widespread bird, but always fun to look at.
H	Serra Tyrant-Manakin (E)	Neopelma chrysolophum	Heard on the Algulhas Negras road.
	Black-capped Piprites	Piprites pileatus	Great views of this specialty on the Algulhas Negras road.
	Greenish Schiffornis	Schiffornis virescens	Not much to look at, but we saw it well at Itatiaia.
	TYRANT FLYCATCHERS	Tyrannidae
	Planalto Tyrannulet	Phyllomyias fasciatus	Itatiaia and Perequê
	Rough-legged Tyrannulet	Phyllomyias burmeisteri	We got a calling bird in the scope from the Ypê parking lot.
	Greenish Tyrannulet	Phyllomyias virescens	Only one, on the Algulhas Negras road, carrying nesting material.
	Gray-capped Tyrannulet (E)	Phyllomyias griseocapilla	Good views at the Ypê, and seen again at Perequê.
	Forest Elaenia	Myiopagis gaimardii	We saw them a few times in woodland in the Pantanal.
	Gray Elaenia	Myiopagis caniceps	One female at Angelim.
	Yellow-bellied Elaenia	Elaenia flavogaster	A few on the Chapada.
	Plain-crested Elaenia	Elaenia cristata	A calling pair in the cerrado on the Agua Fria road.
	Lesser Elaenia	Elaenia chiriquensis	A single calling bird in the cerrado on the Agua Fria road.
H	Southern Beardless-Tyrannulet	Camptostoma obsoletum	I admit we didn't try too hard for this one.
	Suiriri Flycatcher	Suiriri suiriri suiriri	I was surprised to find one along the Santa Tereza entrance road. It's the first time I've seen it in the Pantanal.
	Chapada Flycatcher	Suiriri islerorum	This species was only described in 2001, previously being overlooked as Suiriri Flycatcher. We saw one responsive bird very well along the Agua Fria road.
	Sooty Tyrannulet	Serpophaga nigricans	We saw one in the Rio Claro on the way to Perequê.
	Yellow Tyrannulet	Capsiempis flaveola	Perequê.
	Rufous-sided Pygmy-Tyrant	Euscarthmus rufomarginatus	A very local species that is one of the specialties of the Agua Fria road. We saw one on both of our visits there.
	Sao Paulo Tyrannulet	Phylloscartes paulistus	A tough one on this itinerary, but we had a very responsive pair at Angelim.
	Serra do Mar Tyrannulet (E)	Phylloscartes difficilis	A pair of these perky birds low down on the Algulhas Negras road.
	Mottle-cheeked Tyrannulet	Phylloscartes ventralis	Two pairs on the Algulhas Negras road.
	Sepia-capped Flycatcher	Leptopogon amaurocephalus	A widespread bird, we saw them at Itatiaia and Santa Tereza.
	Gray-hooded Flycatcher	Mionectes rufiventris	I think Jerry was the only one to see this. We usually see more of them.
	Plain Tyrannulet	Inezia inornata	Several of them in and around the gallery forest at Santa Tereza.
	Eared Pygmy-Tyrant	Myiornis auricularis	Very close views of this miniscule and undeniably cute bird along the Maromba track at Itatiaia. We saw it a couple other places too.
	Drab-breasted Bamboo-Tyrant	Hemitriccus diops	A few of the group saw one at Itatiaia on the trail to the Hotel Simon.
H	Brown-breasted Bamboo-Tyrant (E)	Hemitriccus obsoletus	This one's always a pain to see…
	Eye-ringed Tody-Tyrant (E)	Hemitriccus orbitatus	This one's usually a pain to see, but this time it sat still in the open for all to admire, and Mark even photographed it. At Folha Seca.
	Stripe-necked Tody-Tyrant	Hemitriccus striaticollis	In the gallery forest at Santa Tereza.
	Pearly-vented Tody-Tyrant	Hemitriccus margaritaceiventer	At the edge of the gallery forest at Santa Tereza.
	Fork-tailed Tody-Tyrant (E)	Hemitriccus furcatus	Neck-breaking views of one at Itatiaia turned out to be it. They're usually easier to see at Perequê or Ubatuba.
	Rusty-fronted Tody-Flycatcher	Poecilotriccus latirostris	Another one in the gallery forest at Santa Tereza. After failing to call it in a few times, we found a few pairs foraging in the open close by.
	Yellow-lored Tody-Flycatcher (E)	Todirostrum poliocephalum	Best seen at Perequê, though I think we also had them at Folha Seca.
	Yellow-olive Flycatcher	Tolmomyias sulphurescens	One at Itatiaia, and another in the gallery forest at Santa Tereza.
	Bran-colored Flycatcher	Myiophobus fasciatus	A single in the clearing at Angelim.
	Yellow-rumped Flycatcher (E)	Myiobius mastacalis	A split from Whiskered Flycatcher, which in turn was split from Sulphur-rumped Flycatcher. It's a Brazilian endemic, and we saw it well while trying for Squamate Antbird at Perequê. Also at Folha Seca.
	Cliff Flycatcher	Hirundinea ferruginea bellicosa	The ones in Eastern South America are not particularly associated with cliffs, and in the past were considered a distinct species, Swallow Flycatcher. We saw them almost every day in the Southeast.
	Euler's Flycatcher	Lathrotriccus euleri	Some of the group saw it at Itatiaia, though it was mostly just heard.
	Fuscous Flycatcher	Cnemotriccus fuscatus	Good views in the gallery forest at Santa Tereza.
	Tropical Pewee	Contopus cinereus	Itatiaia and Angelim.
	Vermilion Flycatcher	Pyrocephalus rubinus	Seen daily in the Pantanal.
	Velvety Black-Tyrant (E)	Knipolegus nigerrimus	First a pair at the Hotel Simon, then a few more on the Algulhas Negras road.
	Yellow-browed Tyrant	Satrapa icterophrys	A single bird in a water-filled ditch next to the Santa Tereza driveway.
	Masked Water-Tyrant	Fluvicola nengeta	Regularly seen in the coastal lowlands.
	White-headed Marsh-Tyrant	Arundinicola leucocephala	Several in wet areas of the Pantanal.
	Gray Monjita	Xolmis cinerea	We saw two on the Chapada.
	White-rumped Monjita	Xolmis velata	Singles at Piuval and Santa Tereza.
	Shear-tailed Gray Tyrant	Muscipipra vetula	We got this handome flycatcher shortly before leaving the Algulhas Negras road.
	Long-tailed Tyrant	Colonia colonus	Seen on most days in the Southeast.
	Cattle Tyrant	Machetornis rixosus	Abundant in the Pantanal
	Rusty-margined Flycatcher	Myiozetetes cayanensis	Common in the Pantanal.
	Social Flycatcher	Myiozetetes similis	Common.
	Great Kiskadee	Pitangus sulphuratus	One of the most common birds in Brazil, it's local name is "Bem-te-vi".
	Lesser Kiskadee	Philohydor lictor	A few around ponds and rivers in the Pantanal.
	Streaked Flycatcher	Myiodynastes maculatus	Just one, at Penhasco.
	Boat-billed Flycatcher	Megarynchus pitangua	Heard in Perequê and Piuval.
	Tropical Kingbird	Tyrannus melancholicus	Strangely absent for the first half of the trip, but we saw plenty in the Pantanal.
	Fork-tailed Flycatcher	Tyrannus savana	One at Piuval and another at Santa Tereza.
	Sirystes	Sirystes sibilator	A pair was leading a mixed flock in Itatiaia.
	Rufous Casiornis	Casiornis rufa	Some of the group saw one at Santa Tereza near the Great Potoo.
H	Dusky-capped Flycatcher	Myiarchus tuberculifer	Heard at Itatiaia.
	Swainson's Flycatcher	Myiarchus swainsoni	One pair at Santa Tereza.
	Short-crested Flycatcher	Myiarchus ferox	We saw them regularly in the Pantanal.
	Brown-crested Flycatcher	Myiarchus tyrannulus	We saw what was likely the same bird on two days at Santa Tereza.
H	Large-headed Flatbill	Ramphotrigon megacephala	Heard at Itatiaia.
	Dull-capped Attila	Attila bolivianus	We saw it briefly from the tower at Araras, but then chased it down again later for a better view.
	Gray-hooded Attila (E)	Attila rufus	A great sighting of two birds chasing each other around at Folha Seca.
	Black-tailed Tityra	Tityra cayana	A pair at Piuval.
	Masked Tityra	Tityra semifasciata	A pair at Penhasco.
	Black-crowned Tityra	Tityra inquisitor	A pair at Folha Seca.
	Chestnut-crowned Becard	Pachyramphus castaneus	Just one, at Angelim.
	Green-backed Becard	Pachyramphus viridis	A nice sighting of a responsive bird near the Great Potoo at Santa Tereza.
	SWALLOWS	Hirundinidae
	White-winged Swallow	Tachycineta albiventer	All over the Pantanal, always near water.
	Brown-chested Martin	Progne tapera	Common in the Pantanal.
	Gray-breasted Martin	Progne chalybea	A few in the coastal lowlands and at Penhasco.
	Blue-and-white Swallow	Notiochelidon cyanoleuca	Seen every day in the Southeast.
	White-thighed Swallow	Neochelidon tibialis	We saw a few at Angelim, both perched and in flight.
	Southern Rough-winged Swallow	Stelgidopteryx ruficollis	Common in the coastal lowlands at at Penhasco.
	WAGTAILS AND PIPITS	Motacillidae
H	Yellowish Pipit	Anthus lutescens	Heard at Piuval.
	WRENS	Troglodytidae
	Black-capped Donacobius	Donacobius atricapilla	Regular in the Pantanal, always around water.
	Thrush-like Wren	Campylorhynchus turdinus	Seen most days in the Pantanal.
	Moustached Wren	Thryothorus genibarbis	Our best views were a pair at Penhaco, but we also saw it briefly at Santa Tereza.
	Buff-breasted Wren	Thryothorus leucotis	A good sighting in the gallery forest at Santa Tereza. There is controversy about whether it is Fawn-breasted Wren or Buff-breasted Wren in the northern Pantanal. I think it's Buff-breasted, but maybe they should be lumped.
H	Long-billed Wren (E)	Thryothorus longirostris	Heard at Perequê and Folha Seca but unresponsive.
	House Wren	Troglodytes aedon	We saw them almost every day in the Southeast.
	MOCKINGBIRDS, THRASHERS	Mimidae
	Chalk-browed Mockingbird	Mimus saturninus	Common in the Pantanal and Chapada, but I think someone saw one from the bus in the Southeast.
	THRUSHES	Turdidae
	Yellow-legged Thrush	Platycichla flavipes	Lots at Itatiaia, including a female that met a tragic end against a window.
	Rufous-bellied Thrush	Turdus rufiventris	This is the other bird that me managed to see on every day of the trip.
	Pale-breasted Thrush	Turdus leucomelas	One at the Hotel Simon, and a few more in the Chapada and Pantanal.
	Creamy-bellied Thrush	Turdus amaurochalinus	Just a single one at Santa Tereza; not seen in the Atlantic Forest, where you would normally expect to find them.
	GNATCATCHERS	Polioptilidae
H	Long-billed Gnatwren	Ramphocaenus melanurus	Angelim.
	Masked Gnatcatcher	Polioptila dumicola	We saw the regularly, often coming in to mob Ferruginous Pygmy-Owls.
	CROWS AND JAYS	Corvidae
	Purplish Jay	Cyanocorax cyanomelas	Our only jay, we saw them a lot in the Chapada and Pantanal.
	OLD WORLD SPARROWS	Passeridae
	House Sparrow (I)	Passer domesticus	Yep, they're in Brazil too.
	VIREOS AND ALLIES	Vireonidae
	Red-eyed Vireo	Vireo olivaceus	Perequê.
	Rufous-crowned Greenlet	Hylophilus poicilotis	One in a mixed flock on the Algulhas Negras road.
	Lemon-chested Greenlet	Hylophilus thoracicus	Seen well at Perequê.
	Ashy-headed Greenlet	Hylophilus pectoralis	Seen well at Santa Tereza.
	Rufous-browed Peppershrike	Cyclarhis gujanensis	A common bird that we saw in a lot of different places.
	SISKINS AND ALLIES	Fringillidae
	Purple-throated Euphonia	Euphonia chlorotica	We saw a pair at Penhasco, though heard them regularly in the Pantanal.
	Violaceous Euphonia	Euphonia violacea	Only at Folha Seca, coming in to Jonas's banana feeders.
	Thick-billed Euphonia	Euphonia laniirostris	A juvenile male at Penhasco.
	Chestnut-bellied Euphonia	Euphonia pectoralis	A regular visitor to the fruit feeders at the Ypê.
	Blue-naped Chlorophonia	Chlorophonia cyanea	Ditto!
	Hooded Siskin	Carduelis magellanica	I saw a pair at Penhasco during the siesta.
	WOOD WARBLERS	Parulidae
	Tropical Parula	Parula pitiayumi	We saw them regularly in both the Southeast and the Pantanal.
	Masked Yellowthroat	Geothlypis aequinoctialis	At Perequê and Penhasco.
	Golden-crowned Warbler	Basileuterus culicivorus	Itatiaia and the Algulhas Negras road.
	White-bellied Warbler	Basileuterus hypoleucus	This one replaces the previous in the interior. We saw a pair well at Penhasco.
	White-rimmed Warbler	Basileuterus leucoblepharus	The one with the beautiful song… We finally saw it on the Algulhas Negras road.
	Flavescent Warbler	Basileuterus flaveolus	We found approachable pairs inside the forest at Penhasco and Santa Tereza.
	BANANAQUIT	Coerebidae
	Bananaquit	Coereba flaveola	Common.
	TANAGERS AND ALLIES	Thraupidae
	Chestnut-vented Conebill	Conirostrum speciosum	We saw a few at Santa Tereza.
	Brown Tanager (E)	Orchesticus abeillei	Two seen from near the pool at the Hotel do Ypê.
	Black-faced Tanager	Schistochlamys melanopis	At least two on the Agua Fria road.
	White-banded Tanager	Neothraupis fasciata	We saw a few of them on the Agua Fria road.
	White-rumped Tanager	Cypsnagra hirundinacea	Several pairs on the Agua Fria road giving their strange duets.
	Magpie Tanager	Cissopis leveriana	In the trees around the Hotel do Ypê.
	Rufous-headed Tanager (E)	Hemithraupis ruficapilla	We only saw them a couple of times at Itatiaia and Folha Seca.
	Hooded Tanager	Nemosia pileata	There was a pair near the Great Potoo at Santa Tereza.
	Olive-green Tanager (E)	Orthogonys chloricterus	Best seen at the fruit feeders at the Ypê.
	Flame-crested Tanager	Tachyphonus cristatus	Perequê and Angelim.
	Ruby-crowned Tanager	Tachyphonus coronatus	Itatiaia and Folha Seca.
	White-lined Tanager	Tachyphonus rufus	Several at Penhasco.
	Black-goggled Tanager	Trichothraupis melanops	A few each day while at Itatiaia.
	Red-crowned Ant-Tanager	Habia rubica	We found one pair at Folha Seca.
	Silver-beaked Tanager	Ramphocelus carbo	Common in the Chapada and Pantanal.
	Brazilian Tanager (E)	Ramphocelus bresilius	Common in the coastal lowlands.
	Sayaca Tanager	Thraupis sayaca	Common just about everywhere.
	Azure-shouldered Tanager (E)	Thraupis cyanoptera	Mark saw a pair coming to Jonas's banana feeders while the rest of us were off looking at other things.
	Golden-chevroned Tanager (E)	Thraupis ornata	Another common tanager of the Atlantic Forest.
	Palm Tanager	Thraupis palmarum	Common in the coastal lowlands and the Pantanal.
	Diademed Tanager	Stephanophorus diadematus	A big, gaudy tanager that was easy to see on the Algulhas Negras road.
	Fawn-breasted Tanager	Pipraeidea melanonota	A widespread species; we saw it at Algulhas Negras and Angelim.
	Green-headed Tanager	Tangara seledon	I think it's one of the most beautiful of all the tanagers. We saw them on most days of the Southeast portion of the trip.
	Red-necked Tanager	Tangara cyanocephala	This ones not bad either… seen at all the Atlantic Forest lowland sites.
	Brassy-breasted Tanager (E)	Tangara desmaresti	Another outrageous one, we found a few big flocks of them at Algulhas Negras.
	Gilt-edged Tanager (E)	Tangara cyanoventris	Scarce at Itatiaia; we found a few but not everyone got on them.
	Blue Dacnis	Dacnis cayana	We saw them every day until we got to the Pantanal.
	Green Honeycreeper	Chlorophanes spiza	As usual, Folha Seca was the only place we saw them.
	Red-legged Honeycreeper	Cyanerpes cyaneus	A pair while the flat was being fixed in the Chapada.
	Swallow-Tanager	Tersina viridis	Scattered sightings.
	EMBERIZINE FINCHES	Emberizidae
	Coal-crested Finch	Charitospiza eucosma	A nice male showed well, though briefly, on the Agua Fria road.
	Red-crested Finch	Coryphospingus cucullatus	We saw them a couple of times up on the Chapada.
	Bay-chested Warbling-Finch (E)	Poospiza thoracica	A couple at Algulhas Negras, but vastly outnumbered by the next species.
	Red-rumped Warbling-Finch	Poospiza lateralis	Tons of them along the Algulhas Negras road.
	Blue-black Grassquit	Volatinia jacarina	A few on the Chapada and in the Pantanal.
	Buffy-fronted Seedeater	Sporophila frontalis	Lots of them at Itatiaia this year since so much of the bamboo was in seed.
	Temminck's Seedeater	Sporophila falcirostris	Same with these, though they were a not less common overall.
	Rusty-collared Seedeater	Sporophila collaris	Several encounters with males and females in the Pantanal.
	Double-collared Seedeater	Sporophila caerulescens	A flock of at least 50 birds swirled into the trees near the Ypê one afternoon. That is unusual and must represent a migrating flock. The movements of this species are still not well understood.
	Uniform Finch	Haplospiza unicolor	Unbelievably common at Itatiaia thanks to the seeding bamboo.
	Saffron Finch	Sicalis flaveola	A flock at the Hotel do Bosque, and then seen daily in the Pantanal and Chapada.
	Red-crested Cardinal	Paroaria coronata	Quite a handsome bird, we saw them regularly in the Pantanal. This species and the next have recently been shown to be more closely related to the tanagers.
	Yellow-billed Cardinal	Paroaria capitata	Huge flocks of them gathered at the lodge feeders in the Pantanal, and even helped themselves to our breakfast at Araras.
	Saffron-billed Sparrow	Arremon flavirostris	We saw this beauty well near the restaurant at Penhasco.
	Grassland Sparrow	Ammodramus humeralis	Several on the Agua Fria road, and one in the Pantanal.
	Rufous-collared Sparrow	Zonotrichia capensis	Every day in the Southeast.
	SALTATORS, CARDINALS, ETC.	Cardinalidae
	Grayish Saltator	Saltator coerulescens	We saw them every day in the Chapada and Pantanal.
	Buff-throated Saltator	Saltator maximus	One pair at Penhasco.
H	Black-throated Grosbeak	Saltator fuliginosus	Heard on the Maromba track at Itatiaia, didn't come in close enough.
	Green-winged Saltator	Saltator similis	Itatiaia and Penhasco, where it is at the limit of its range.
	Thick-billed Saltator	Saltator maxillosus	At least three birds along the Algulhas Negras road.
	Black-throated Saltator	Saltator atricollis	Lots of them along the Agua Fria road, including some perched on wires.
	ORIOLES AND BLACKBIRDS	Icteridae
	Unicolored Blackbird	Agelasticus cyanopus	A few birds along the Transpantanal Highway and at Santa Tereza.
	Bay-winged Cowbird	Molothrus badius	They were in the parking lot each morning at Santa Tereza.
	Shiny Cowbird	Molothrus bonariensis	A few times in both the SE and the Pantanal.
	Giant Cowbird	Molothrus oryzivorus	A flyover at Perequê, and a few at the Santa Tereza feeders.
	Epaulet Oriole	Icterus cayanensis	First seen at the toilet factory (don't ask), then regular sightings in the Pantanal.
	Orange-backed Troupial	Icterus croconotus	Best seen in the flowering tree by the lodge at Santa Tereza.
	Yellow-rumped Cacique	Cacicus cela	A few at Piuval and along the Pixaim river.
	Red-rumped Cacique	Cacicus haemorrhous	Seen almost daily in the Southeast.
	Golden-winged Cacique	Cacicus chrysopterus	Only few of us saw them at Algulhas Negras, but the rest of the group saw one in a mixed flock the next day on the Tres Picos trail.
	Solitary Cacique	Cacicus solitarius	A few along the Pixaim river.
	Crested Oropendola	Psarocolius decumanus	Anglelim, Folha Seca, and the Pantanal.
	Scarlet-headed Blackbird	Amblyramphus holosericeus	One of the first birds we saw in the Pantanal, along the road near Piuval, but that was the only one we found.
	Chopi Blackbird	Gnorimopsar chopi	Loads of them singing around Penhasco, and a few in the Pantanal.
	MAMMALS
	Southern Tamandua	Tamandua tetradactyla	One spotlighted during the Araras night drive.
	Greater Bulldog Bat	Noctilio leporinus	The only bat I could identify, from it's large size, rufous color, and the behavior.
	Black-tailed (Silvery) Marmoset	Mico melanurus	Can sometimes be hard to find, but it seemed like we were seeing them all over the place in the Pantanal.
	Black-striped Capuchin	Cebus libidinosus	The most common monkey in the Pantanal.
	Atlantic Titi (Masked Titi)	Callicebus personatus	Itatiaia NP.
H	Black Howler	Alouatta caraya	Heard by some at Santa Tereza.
	Crab-eating Fox	Cerdocyon thous	The staff at Santa Tereza have habituated one to come and eat dinner scraps on some evenings.
	Tayra	Eira barbara	One brief glimpse in the gallery forest at Santa Tereza.
	South American Coati	Nasua nasua	Piuval and Araras.
	Crab-eating Raccoon	Procyon cancrivorus	We spotlighted a little family during the Araras night drive.
	Brazilian Tapir	Tapirus terrestris	Despite not having feathers, this huge beast was voted as the second best sighting of the trip. We saw it exceptionally well from the boats on the Pixaim river, standing on one bank, swimming to the other, and clambering up into undergrowth.
	Marsh Deer	Blastocerus dichotomus	The biggest deer in the Pantanal. We saw many of them.
	Red Brocket Deer	Mazama americana	A couple in the Pantanal.
	Gray Brocket Deer	Mazama gouazoubira	One in the Pantanal.
	Brazilian (Guinanan) Squirrel	Sciurus aestuans	The one at the Ypê is so tame it will eat out of your hand.
	Capybara	Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris	Loads of them in the Pantanal.