Northern Tanzania – Birding amongst the beests

5 – 26 April 2006

Customised Tour

Guide: Keith Barnes

 

 

 

 

 

The Bare-faced Go-Away birds are resident in the Seregeti lodges

 

Trip Report

 

Summary

As usual, northern Tanzania was an extravaganza of birding set against the wildest and some of the most unique of Africa’s backdrops, Arusha NP, Mkomazi, the Usambara Mountains, Pemba Island, the expansive Serengeti and Ngorongoro Crater. As a wilderness experience, the mammals of northern Tanzania are hard to beat. Amongst the mammal highlights two leopard, as well as omnipresent lion prides and many species of ungulates amongst the 58 mammal species encountered! The birding yielded a 516 species. Birding highlights included some of Africa’s most endangered birds, the Critically Endangered and recently recognised Beesley’s Spike-heeled Lark and the equally enigmatic Moreau’s Tailorbird of the East Usambara Mountains. We also were overawed by most incredible birds in superb plumage including long-tailed whydahs and widowbirds, spectacular bishops and weavers in full breeding plumage. Bustards were strutting their stuff in full display, as were the larks doing their aerial acrobatics. We also nailed the Karamoja Apalis at the recently discovered stake out in the Serengeti. Although the birding was sensational and the predators impressive it was hard to top driving through what seemed like endless herds of grazing wildebeest and zebras that just seemed to go on forever in the Ndutu plains area. On this trip the birding was brilliant in the most spectacular wildlife show on earth!

 

Daily Log

 

5 Apr: Arusha

We started the trip with some leisurely birding around Arusha where we quickly notched up a few specialties including breeding Taveta Golden Weaver and Grey-Olive Greenbul amongst the more spectacular Silvery-cheeked Hornbill, and an immaculate pair of Brown-breasted Barbets as well as a secretive nestbuilding Peter’s Twinspot. The afternoon session yielded Long-tailed Fiscal and hoardes of Red-tailed and Lesser Grey Shirkes moving through on passage en-route to the Palearctic.

 

6-7 Apr: Moshi – Mkomazi G.R.

For the next couple of days we were to bird the drier scrubland around the town of Same and spent some time in a mobile camping safari in the Mkomazi Game Reserve. This is fantastic birding as seeing things is easy and the birds are spectacular. We enjoyed gems such as Blue-headed Cordon Blue, Purple Granadier, Hilderbrandt’s Starling, Eastern Chanting Goshawk, Hunter’s and Beautiful Sunbird, Temminck’s Courser, Red-fronted Warbler, Long-crested Eagle and many more. The following day in Mkomazi highlights included Red-bellied Parrot and a superb series of displaying Zanzibar Red Bishop, White-winged Widowbird and Fire-crowned Bishop. A lake en-route to the Usambaras yielded 20 of the regionally uncommon Spur-winged Plover, Pink-backed Pelican, African Openbill and Hottentot Teal. That evening we heard Wood Owl and Barn Owl in the forest near the lodge.

 

8-9 Apr: West Usambaras

Birding a variety of forest patches in the West Usambaras yielded excellent results. The birding was slow (as Afromontane birding often is) but we managed to reel off the local Usambara specialities and high altitude species over the next two days. We started with Eastern (Usambara) Double-collared Sunbird, Moustached Green Tinkerbird and White-eyed Slaty Flycatcher. Some birds took more time and we eventually got looks at Scaly-throated Honeyguide, Olive (Usambara) Thrush, Mountain Buzzard, Black-headed Apalis, Yellow-throated Woodland Warbler, White-starred Robin, Black-fronted Bush Shrike, White-tailed Crested Flycatcher, African Hill Babbler, Short-tailed Batis, and the gorgeous Hartlaub’s Turaco showed itself, although often fleetingly. We spent some time on the forest floor looking for secretive understorey birds. Although it was tough we eventually scored with an Olive Woodpecker. The bizarre, localised and anomalous African Tailorbird was seen regularly while in this area. With their closest relatives in Asia, this is a real evolutionary throwback!

 

10-12 Apr: East Usambaras

The forests yielded many Silvery-cheeked and Trumpeter Hornbills calling overhead and before long we lucked onto a magnificent Fasciated Snake Eagle that soared overhead for all to admire. Amazingly Banded Green and Amani Sunbirds were seen reasonably well near the village. The following morning started with a bang! At one of the stakeouts a magical single Moreau’s Tailorbird showed well, creeping through the undergrowth. This Critically Endangered species is thought to number less than 50 individuals at this site, although a definitive population of only some 10 individuals is known from Amani!!! Although it is a little grey job, it is indeed one of the star birds of any Tanzania trip. It was misty and good views were hard to obtain, but many of the specialties followed and we saw Green-headed Oriole, Green Barbet, Yellow-streaked and Placid Greenbul, Fisher’s Turaco, Pale Batis and Uluguru Violet-backed Sunbird. White-breasted Alethe and Sharpe’s Akalat’s were both heard but never gave satisfactory views. The lowlands yielded the magnificent Chestnut-fronted Helmetshrike, Mombassa Woodpecker, Little Yellow Flycatcher, African Crested Flycatcher, Red-tailed Ant-thrush, and Green Tinkerbird. We also caught up with the skulking Kretchmar’s Longbill that perched in the complete open for all to see. The coastal scrub near Muheza revealed Collared Palm Thrush. Lunchtime was spent making a quick sortie to the Tanga harbour….perhaps one of the least impressive visual spectacles on the tour, this collection of rust-buckets did yield some fantastic birds. A rusty floatilla, not more than 2m² held 10 Crab Plovers, 4 Sooty Gulls and a host of terns including Caspian, Roseate, Common and several Gull-billed terns. We then flew to Pemba Island and settled in at the laid-back beach resort of Manta Reef Lodge. On route we found a beautiful Dickinson’s Kestrel perched next to the roadside.

 

 

 

This spectacular African Goshawk perched for ages at close range allowing inspection of its delicate plumage

 

 

13-14 Apr. Pemba Island

The birding here was easy and laidback. A welcome change from the days slogging on muddy forest trails looking for skulkers. We enjoyed the two endemics that frequented the hotel grounds Pemba Sunbird and Pemba White-eye. We then headed off to Ngezi Forest where we caught up with the endemic vaughni subspecies of Black-bellied Glossy Starling. After some searching we located a pair of Pemba Green Pigeon’s feeding on a fruiting tree. Later we visited an extremely impressive roosting tree filled with hundreds of the massive endemic rusty-and-black Pemba Flying Fox. We returned to the lodge for lunch. The afternoon was spent at some wetlands finding the exquisite Pygmy Goose, Dimorphic Egret, Mangrove Kingfisher, Palm-nut Vulture and a host of waders. In the evening we ventured back to Ngezi for an attempt at Pemba Scops Owl. Although common, this little bird can be a real troublesome species to find due to their habit of not responding to call and otherwise being decidedly skittish. The night was fruitless, despite the bird being very close on two occasions. The following morning was spent on a boat, we had good looks at a great tern roost, where we could compare Lesser Crested, Greater Crested, Common and Saunder’s Terns. The trip also yielded a handful of Terek Sandpipers, and some other waders such as Mongolian Plover, our only ones for the trip. We flew, a rather tortuous route back to Arusha, first via Zanzibar, seeing stonetown from the sky and then Dar-es-Salaam, before heading off to Arusha N.P. seeing our first herds of Buffalo and dancing Grey-crowned Cranes serenading us with a delightful dance.

 

15 April: Arusha NP. Today we explored some great places in Arusha N.P. including Ngurdoto Crater and the famulous flamingo infested Momela Lakes. A spin by the Senato Pools and Lake Longil got things started with great views of a host of waterfowl including our only White-backed Duck of the trip. We enjoyed lunch with Bronze Sunbirds and a spectacular Moustached Warbler and also had great views of White-fronted Bee-eater, another species we were not to see elsewhere. The afternoon got us into the forest where we enjoyed views of both Stripe-cheeked and Eastern Mountain Greenbul, before notching up a cooperative Narina Trogon and within an hour a Brown Woodland Warbler and Black-throated Wattle-eye before we had to head back to our lodge for dinner.

 

16-17 Apr: Lark Plains and Sinya. Today we headed to the lark plains were our prize quarry was Beesley’s Lark. We eventually found a small family party of this Critically Endangered bird. Its global population estimated at less then 200 individuals, we were able to watch them forage for some time. Other larks were seen including Fawn-coloured (Foxy) Lark, Fisher’s Finchlark, Rufous-naped Lark, Short-tailed Lark and Somali Short-toed Lark as well as several others. The dry bushland en-route to Kilimanjaro yielded tons of birds including good views at Banded Parisoma, Grey-headed Social Weaver and Red-throated Tit and Red-fronted Barbet. Our ride into Sinya yielded a fantastic male Gerenuk, one of the scarcer antelopes in East Africa. In the late afternoon we enjoyed a walk around Sinya, a spectacular camp on the lower slopes of Kilimanjaro indulging in some final birding before the cloud burnt off and we were treated to magnificent views of Kili from just beneath it! Sinya is a wonderful area and we spent the day soaking up the dryland birds here including excellent views of nesting Grey-headed and African Silverbills as well as Cut-throat Finch using an abandoned Social Weaver nest. A nightdrive was very productive yielded a scarcely seen Striped Hyaena and Springhare before poor roads necessitated a retreat to camp!

 

18-19 Apr: Tarangire NP & River camp

This area is another fabulous wilderness zone and we were lucky to find a bunch of the most sought-after goodies on arrival including great views of three northern Tanzanian endemics Rufous-tailed Weaver, Ashy Starling and Yellow-collared Lovebird as well as our first Speckle-fronted Weaver. The moister river edges yielded Black Bishop and a staggeringly beautiful male Eastern Paradise Whydah in display, along with the more sombre Steel-blue Whydah. The camp yielded a spectacular Red-and-Yellow Barbet and Grey-hooded Kingfisher.

 

A Tanzanian endemic, the Yellow-collared Lovebird, is abundant at the Tarangire River Camp!

 

 

This displaying male Black-bellied Bustard gave it’s rediculous display

 

20-21. Ngorongoro Crater. On our journey up the crater rim we screeched to a halt at some flowering Leonotis to be treated to a sunbird spectacle of 20 Golden-winged Sunbirds and a hand of Bronze Sunbirds flitting around and competing with oneanother for scarce nectar resources. Cinnamon-chested Bee-eaters flitted alongside the cuttings as we ascended the crater rim and we added the dainty White-tailed Blue Flycatcher and Thick-billed Seedeater to our list. In the late afternoon we stopped for views over the crater. This spectacular viewpoint with the floor of Ngorongoro spread beneath us, is indeed an impressive site with animal specks cast out across the crater floor roaming from one good feeding patch to another. We finished off with a Schalow’s Turaco near the hotel. The next day we were up before the rest we enjoyed an almost empty restaurant. While scanning the crater from the balcony I head one of the hotel’s other guests say “oh-oh birdwatchers!!”, to which I almost responded “Don’t worry, we’ve been quarantined and are not contagious”. We made an early start enjoying Schalow’s Wheatear and another Tanzanian endemic, Rufous-tailed Weaver, before we’d fully descended the crater wall. We stopped in a futile attempt to identify a red-eared mouse and chuckled to ourselves as we imagined the responses we might get from the “oh-oh birdwatchers”-crowd with the Big-5 on their minds if they had seen us screech to a halt for a 4-inch mouse! Speaking of the Big-5 though, it is impossible to ignore the enormity of this thronging ecosystem with all its amazing large mammals. In the distance we noticed vultures dropping to the crater floor. Soon we had racked up Lappet-faced, Ruppell’s Griffon, White-backed and White-headed Vultures as they inspected the Cheetah kill. The Cheetah’s were moving off, evidently satiated and soon thereafter a marouding band of Spotted Hyaenas came galloping along to take their place in the drama. Later that day we found several vehicles around a sleepy Lion pride. Lake Magadi was nearly dry, a result of several years bad drought, but several Lesser and Greater Flamingos, ducks and waders including Chestnut-banded Plover were still hanging in. The afternoon yielded a serious highlight. A Grant’s Gazelle had been felled by a mother Cheetah and her two cubs fed on the fresh carcass just metres from the road. Although there were a score of vehicles, the animals fed unperturbed and we watched for some time until we were content. Other birding highlights for the day included White-headed Barbet, Grey-headed Woodpecker, Martial Eagle, Brown Parisoma and many others. We had also saw Egyptian Mongoose, Eland and Defassa Waterbuck.

 

22-23 April. Ngorongoro – Ndutu (southern Serengeti). We travelled to Ndutu early this morning stopping off at Olduvai Gorge, the aptly named “cradle of mankind”, to view the fossil remains and hear the stories of the Leakey’s amazing discoveries in this district. We added Lanner Falcon and Chestnut Sparrow near the gorge. Ndutu is a relative oasis in the dry season and the cacophony at the lodge was remarkable, attracting loads of birds while the remainder of the bush was seemingly barren. It is hard to describe what it is like to drive for 50 km through Wildbeest and Zebra herds that are crammed together, the constant drone of Gnu’s as the mothers tend to their newly born calves and the constant presence of Hyaena that await the slightest slip that will give them their meal for the day. Perhaps the word “priveledge” is the only one that aptly describes what this feels like. Later we found our final Tanzanian endemic Grey-breasted Spurfowl as it was seen scurrying around near our rooms. White-rumped Shrike was omnipresent and Fisher’s Lovebirds were literally dripping from the trees at times. An afternoon walk added the splendid Silverbird (a silky steel-grey flycatcher), Ruppell’s Long-tailed Starling, Buff-bellied Warbler and Red-fronted Barbet. In the afternoon we made for the nearby Lake Masek as local gen informed us it still had water in it. The drive added Red-throated Tit and Black-lored Babbler, while the many waterbirds and Hippos kept us otherwise entertained.

 

24-25 Sept. Serengeti NP.

The most famous wildlife ecosystem on earth. This is what lay ahead for us, but not before we had a few highlights of our own. It is always great to see wild animals, but finding your own is always more thrilling. Leaving Ndutu we happened upon two Cheetahs. We had certainly had a good cheetah trip, with this being our 8^th in 3 days. They sat near the car and called a plaintive and bird-like chirp to one another. It constantly amazes me how unfussed the animals of the Serengeti are to humans in cars. We headed off birding our way north, adding Yellow-throated Sandgrouse and Saddle-billed Stork at a nice wetland. I got out of the car for a “relief stop” only to see a rather burly and beautiful looking male Lion jump up about 50 m away and bolt off gingerly. Issuing instructions for everyone to stay in the vehicle I made my way back to the car very rapidly, where I was amazed to discover the need to go to the loo had entirely vanished!! We pulled up to the burly male in the safety of our car and we checked each other out for 10 or so minutes before heading off. Making our way to Seronera we added a pride of 10 more lions and saw Bare-faced Go-Away Bird, Slate-coloured Boubou and many other birds. The expansive plains were dotted with ungulates and as we drove we came across Grant’s and Thompson’s Gazelle, Impala, Burchell’s Zebra, Topi, Blue Wildebeest and more. Exploring the woodlands around Seronera we saw a large group of Elephant of varying ages. We watched as they milled about going about their business. A lone vehicle up ahead flashed his lights, we knew he was onto something good and as we made our way over there we were delighted to see a Leopard sprawled across the middle of the road. This was certainly better than the Leopard paw we had seen protruding from a cave earlier in the day!! It also wrapped up for me what must be the best Big Cat day I have ever had in the African bush. However, one of the client’s had one more wish. He asked Kevin (our excellent Safari guide) to find a Leopard up a tree with his paws dangling. The most elusive of all big cats lived up to its name as it sloped off into the bush and we headed back for drinks and dinner. Amazingly the next morning we went back into the same area and Kevin found the Leopard up the tree with its paws dangling!! What more could you ask for?

 

 

This impressive male Kori Bustard belted out a sonic bass drum like beat during its display

 

As we had seen many of the plains birds we headed towards Grumeti and the western corridor in search of some of the riparian woodland birds that are found only in this area. Here we added Black-headed Gonolek, Meyer’s (Brown) Parrot, Sulphur-breasted Bush Shrike, Holub’s Golden Weaver, Brown-throated Wattle-eye, Eastern Grey Plantain Eater, Ashy Flycatcher, Usambiro Babet, Red-fronted Tinkerbird, Woodland Kingfisher and some magnificent Southern Ground Hornbill. The birding m oment of the trip came for Keith when after some fairly persistent attempts we nailed a pair of displaying Karamoja Apalis, the one and only lifer for Keith, late in the morning.

            Our last day in Tanzania was essentially a travel day, but we enjoyed two Lionesses walking alongside the road on our way out and a distant Cheetah. Our lunch stop at Gibb’s farm was productive with a few new trip birds including a stunning Green-headed Sunbird and Brown-headed Apalis in the gardens. It was time to say farewell and the trip drew to a close with what was a very successful haul!

 

 

This beautiful male leopard gave us a real show

 

 

These Black-headed Gonoleks were a treat in the Grumeti Area

 

BIRD LIST

This list includes all the bird species that were recorded by at least one of us. Note that this is a group list. Taxonomy and nomenclature follow: Clements, James F. 2000. Birds of the World: A Checklist. Fifth Edition. Vista, CA: Ibis Publishing Co.

 

 

1.    Ostrich                                     Struthio camelus                  

2.    Little Grebe                               Tachybaptus ruficollis           

3.    Eared Grebe                              Podiceps nigricollis              

4.    Great White Pelican                   Pelecanus onocrotalus         

5.    Pink-backed Pelican                  Pelecanus rufescens            

6.    Great Cormorant                        Phalacrocorax carbo             

7.    Long-tailed Cormorant                Phalacrocorax africanus        

8.    Darter                                       Anhinga melanogaster          

9.    Gray Heron                               Ardea cinerea                      

10.   Black-headed Heron                   Ardea melanocephala           

11.   Great Egret                               Ardea alba                           

12.   Little Egret                                Egretta garzetta                   

13.   Squacco Heron                          Ardeola ralloides                  

14.   Cattle Egret                               Bubulcus ibis                      

15.   Striated Heron                           Butorides striatus                 

16.   Black-crowned Night-Heron         Nycticorax nycticorax            

17.   Hamerkop                                 Scopus umbretta                 

18.   Yellow-billed Stork                     Mycteria ibis                        

19.   African Openbill                         Anastomus lamelligerus        

20.   Black Stork                               Ciconia nigra                        

21.   Woolly-necked Stork                  Ciconia episcopus                

22.   White Stork                               Ciconia ciconia                    

23.   Saddle-billed Stork                     Ephippiorhynchus senegalensis

24.   Marabou Stork                           Leptoptilos crumeniferus       

25.   Sacred Ibis                                Threskiornis aethiopicus       

26.   Hadada Ibis                               Bostrychia hagedash            

27.   Glossy Ibis                                Plegadis falcinellus              

28.   African Spoonbill                        Platalea alba                       

29.   Greater Flamingo                       Phoenicopterus ruber           

30.   Lesser Flamingo                        Phoenicopterus minor           

31.   White-faced Whistling-Duck        Dendrocygna viduata            

32.   White-backed Duck                   Thalassornis leuconotus       

33.   Egyptian Goose                         Alopochen aegyptiacus         

34.   Spur-winged Goose                    Plectropterus gambensis      

35.   Comb Duck                               Sarkidiornis melanotos         

36.   African Pygmy-goose                 Nettapus auritus                   

37.   Cape Teal                                 Anas capensis                     

38.   Yellow-billed Duck                     Anas undulata                      

39.   Red-billed Duck                         Anas erythrorhyncha             

40.   Hottentot Teal                            Anas hottentota                   

41.   Southern Pochard                      Netta erythrophthalma           

42.   Maccoa Duck                            Oxyura maccoa                    

43.   Osprey                                     Pandion haliaetus                 

44.   European Honey-buzzard           Pernis apivorus                    

45.   Black-shouldered Kite                Elanus caeruleus                 

46.   Black Kite                                 Milvus migrans                     

47.   African Fish-Eagle                     Haliaeetus vocifer                 

48.   Palm-nut Vulture                        Gypohierax angolensis          

49.   Hooded Vulture                          Necrosyrtes monachus         

50.   White-backed Vulture                 Gyps africanus                     

51.   Rueppell's Griffon                       Gyps rueppellii                     

52.   Lappet-faced Vulture                  Torgos tracheliotus               

53.   White-headed Vulture                 Trigonoceps occipitalis         

54.   Black-breasted Snake-Eagle       Circaetus pectoralis              

55.   Brown Snake-Eagle                   Circaetus cinereus               

56.   Bateleur                                    Terathopius ecaudatus         

57.   Montagu's Harrier                       Circus pygargus                   

58.   African Harrier-Hawk                  Polyboroides typus               

59.   Lizard Buzzard                          Kaupifalco monogrammicus  

60.   Dark Chanting-Goshawk             Melierax metabates              

61.   Eastern Chanting-Goshawk        Melierax poliopterus              

62.   Gabar Goshawk                         Micronisus gabar                  

63.   African Goshawk                       Accipiter tachiro                   

64.   Black Goshawk                         Accipiter melanoleucus         

65.   Eurasian Buzzard                      Buteo buteo                         

66.   Mountain Buzzard                      Buteo oreophilus                  

67.   Augur Buzzard                          Buteo augur                         

68.   Tawny Eagle                             Aquila rapax                         

69.   Wahlberg's Eagle                       Aquila wahlbergi                   

70.   African Hawk-Eagle                    Hieraaetus spilogaster          

71.   Martial Eagle                             Polemaetus bellicosus         

72.   Long-crested Eagle                    Lophaetus occipitalis            

73.   Crowned Hawk-Eagle                 Stephanoaetus coronatus     

74.   Secretary-bird                            Sagittarius serpentarius        

75.   Pygmy Falcon                           Polihierax semitorquatus       

76.   Eurasian Kestrel                        Falco tinnunculus                 

77.   Greater Kestrel                          Falco rupicoloides                

78.   Dickinson's Kestrel                    Falco dickinsoni                   

79.   Amur Falcon                             Falco amurensis                  

80.   Eleonora's Falcon                      Falco eleonorae                   

81.   Eurasian Hobby                         Falco subbuteo                    

82.   African Hobby                            Falco cuvierii                       

83.   Lanner Falcon                           Falco biarmicus                   

84.   Coqui Francolin                         Francolinus coqui                 

85.   Crested Francolin                      Francolinus sephaena           

86.   Scaly Francolin                         Francolinus squamatus         

87.   Hildebrandt's Francolin               Francolinus hildebrandti        

88.   Yellow-necked Francolin             Francolinus leucoscepus      

89.   Gray-breasted Francolin             Francolinus rufopictus          

90.   Red-necked Francolin                Francolinus afer                   

91.   Common Quail                          Coturnix coturnix                  

92.   Helmeted Guineafowl                 Numida meleagris                

93.   Gray Crowned-Crane                  Balearica regulorum              

94.   Corn Crake                                Crex crex                             

95.   Black Crake                              Amaurornis flavirostris          

96.   Common Moorhen                     Gallinula chloropus               

97.   Red-knobbed Coot                     Fulica cristata                      

98.   Kori Bustard                              Ardeotis kori                        

99.   White-bellied Bustard                 Eupodotis senegalensis        

100. Buff-crested Bustard                  Eupodotis gindiana               

101. Black-bellied Bustard                 Lissotis melanogaster           

102. African Jacana                           Actophilornis africanus         

103. Crab Plover                               Dromas ardeola                    

104. Black-winged Stilt                      Himantopus himantopus       

105. Pied Avocet                               Recurvirostra avosetta          

106. Water Thick-knee                      Burhinus vermiculatus          

107. Spotted Thick-knee                    Burhinus capensis                

108. Temminck's Courser                  Cursorius temminckii            

109. Double-banded Courser              Smutsornis africanus            

110. Collared Pratincole                     Glareola pratincola               

111. Blacksmith Plover                      Vanellus armatus                 

112. Spur-winged Plover                    Vanellus spinosus                

113. Black-winged Lapwing                Vanellus melanopterus         

114. Crowned Lapwing                       Vanellus coronatus               

115. Pacific Golden-Plover                 Pluvialis fulva                       

116. Black-bellied Plover                    Pluvialis squatarola              

117. Common Ringed Plover              Charadrius hiaticula              

118. Kittlitz's Plover                           Charadrius pecuarius            

119. Three-banded Plover                   Charadrius tricollaris             

120. White-fronted Plover                   Charadrius marginatus          

121. Chestnut-banded Plover              Charadrius pallidus               

122. Mongolian Plover                       Charadrius mongolus            

123. Greater Sandplover                    Charadrius leschenaultii        

124. Whimbrel                                  Numenius phaeopus             

125. Marsh Sandpiper                       Tringa stagnatilis                  

126. Common Greenshank                Tringa nebularia                   

127. Green Sandpiper                        Tringa ochropus                   

128. Wood Sandpiper                        Tringa glareola                     

129. Common Sandpiper                   Actitis hypoleucos                

130. Ruddy Turnstone                       Arenaria interpres                 

131. Sanderling                                 Calidris alba                        

132. Little Stint                                 Calidris minuta                     

133. Curlew Sandpiper                       Calidris ferruginea                

134. Ruff                                          Philomachus pugnax            

135. Sooty Gull                                 Larus hemprichii                   

136. Gray-headed Gull                       Larus cirrocephalus              

137. Gull-billed Tern                          Sterna nilotica                      

138. Caspian Tern                             Sterna caspia                      

139. Lesser Crested Tern                   Sterna bengalensis              

140. Great Crested Tern                    Sterna bergii                        

141. Roseate Tern                             Sterna dougallii                    

142. Common Tern                            Sterna hirundo                     

143. Saunders' Tern                          Sterna saundersi